我国政府权力清单制度运行困境与对策

发布时间：2018-03-03 07:41

本文选题：政府权力清单　切入点：司法判例　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：行政权力的不断扩张已经成为本世纪以来行政领域中不可阻挡的发展趋势。行政权力的扩张造成了政府官员腐败现象严重,很大程度上降低了政府的公信力,如果处理不好过度扩张的权力,那么将会严重危及我国政府的执政基础,降低行政管理效率,还会增加社会的不稳定因素,导致紧张的“官民”关系。我国政府一直把反腐倡廉、简政放权、透明公开作为新型政府建设的目标,并推出了一系列的相关举措,也取得了不错的成绩,但是还没有达到预期效果。在改革的新起点上,如何转变行政职能,不断创新行政管理方式,有效抑制权力的滥用,如何“把权力关进制度的笼子,让权力在阳光下运行”,成为了我们新一届政府改革任务的重中之重。权力清单制度作为我国全面深化行政执法改革与国家推进治理能力现代化建设的重要举措,在党的十八届三中全会上被首次提到国家的政府权力改革的议程上,在其后的一系列会议中,都在不断的提及权力清单制度。其目的在于通过法治的手段规范政府行为,从而实现政府的简政放权,从中央到地方各地都在抓紧落实权力清单制度,各地政府都想在此次改革中有所成就。截止目前大部分省市都公布了政府权力清单,但是权力清单制度在实践运行中却没能达到预期的效果,权力清单制度在运行过程中遇到诸如“对行政机关约束力不足”、“无法保障行政相对人合法权益”以及“法院在司法审判中不知道如何适用权力清单”等各种困境,如果这些困境无法得到解决,那么将会影响权力清单制度的长期稳定运行。本文笔者便是基于权力清单在司法实践运行中遇到的各种问题为研究对象。文章分为六部分展开,第一章是绪论,主要梳理了当前学界对权力清单制度的研究现状以及研究该问题的意义;第二章对我国权力清单制度的发展历程以及目前全国权力清单制度的发展成果进行梳理,让我们对权力清单制度的发展概况有个总体的把握,另外独创性的对中央与地方的政府权力清单内容进行了梳理归纳,并得出了二者在内容上的差异性,并以北京市教育局与上海市教育局为例进行分析,为后文困境的研究打下了基础。第三章在分析目前发生的关于权力清单的司法判例的基础上,得出权力清单制度在运行过程中遇到的现实困境,主要是权力清单无法保护行政相对人的合法权益、权力清单对行政主体的约束力不足以及对法院的裁判效力的不足。第四章针对权力清单制度运行遇到的困境原因进行分析,认为权力清单制度运行遭遇困境的原因主要是编制主体权限不足、权力清单内容标准不统一、法律定位不清晰以及法律效力缺失等原因,这些原因导致了权力清单制度在运行过程中遇到了各种阻碍,权力清单制度无法得到很好的适用,如何解决这些问题已经迫在眉睫。紧接着针对这些问题笔者在第五章提出了解决政府权力清单制度运行困境的措施与建议。
[Abstract]:The expansion of the administrative power has become the century in the administrative field irresistible trend. The expansion of administrative power by government officials corruption is serious, greatly reduces the credibility of the government, if not handled properly the excessive expansion of power, it will seriously endanger the ruling foundation of our government, reduce administrative management the efficiency will increase social instability, leading to tension in the official people relations. The Chinese government has put anti-corruption, decentralization, transparency as the construction of the new government's target, and introduced a series of related initiatives, also achieved good results, but also did not achieve the desired results. The reform of the new starting point, how to change the administrative functions, administrative innovation management mode, effectively restrain the abuse of power, how the power system into the cage, let the power in the sun Run ", has become a priority among priorities of our new government reform task. The power list system in China as an important measure to deepen the reform of administrative law enforcement and promote national governance capacity modernization construction, the party in the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee was first mentioned in the national government power reform agenda, in a series of meetings later in has to mention the power list system. Its purpose is to regulate the behavior of the government by means of the rule of law, in order to achieve the government's decentralization, from central to local all pay close attention to the implementation of the power list system, local governments want to have success in the reform. At present most provinces have announced a list of government power however, the power list system in practice can not achieve the desired effect, such as" to meet the power list system of administrative organs in the process of operation about Beam force insufficient "," unable to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the administrative relative person "and" the court in the judicial trial do not know how to apply the power list "and other difficulties, if these problems cannot be solved, it will affect the stable operation of the power list system. In this paper the author is the long-term problems encountered in the judicial practice in the operation of power list based on the research object. The article is divided into six parts, the first chapter is the introduction, mainly summarizes the current academic status and research significance of the problem of the power list system; the second chapter on the course of development of the power list system in China and the development results of the current national power list system to sort out, let us development overview of the power list system has an overall grasp, in addition to the originality of the central and local government power list summarizes, and The difference in the content of the two party, and the Beijing Municipal Bureau of education and the Education Bureau of Shanghai city as an example, research for the plight of the foundation. The third chapter based on the analysis of current on the list of powers of judicial precedents, the reality of the plight of the power list system in operation in the process, is the main power list to protect the legitimate interests of the administrative counterpart, insufficient power list of administrative subject and judge of the court of the binding force. The fourth chapter in the cause of difficulty encountered in running the power list system is analyzed, that causes a list of power system operation difficulties is mainly lack of preparation of the main authority the power list of the contents of the standard is not unified, the legal position is not clear and lack of legal reasons, these reasons lead to the power list system encountered in the process of operation Various impeding power list system can not be well applied. How to solve these problems is imminent. Then, aiming at these problems, the author puts forward the measures and suggestions to solve the dilemma of government power list system in the fifth chapter.

【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630

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