城市化进程中民族地区公共服务均等化研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 06:21

本文选题：公共服务　切入点：民族地区　出处：《陕西师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从1978年到今天,对于我国来说是经济高速发展和社会平稳转型的重要阶段,综合国力不断提高,国际地位不断稳固。可是,我国的基本公共服务均等化还没有被广泛关注,在城市与农村之间、不同地区之间、不同的社会阶层之间仍然存在着公共服务非均等化的问题,尤其是民族地区和非民族地区的非均等化特征最为明显。我国自古以来就是一个在中央统领导下的多民族国家,民族地区、非民族地区以及沿海发达地区的公共服务差异有扩大的趋势,这不但有悖于公平正义理论,破坏了民族平等美好愿望,同时还会给各民族和谐发展带来不稳定因素,给我国构建和谐社会的进程带来阻力。因此,为了提高民族地区的公共服务均等化水平,就必须准确的了解民族地区公共服务均等化的现状,了解“哪些方面做的好”、“哪些方面还有待改进”,为提高均等化水平提供科学、有效的意见和建议。本文,笔者以我国相关民族理论、政策和公共服务为基本理论,以提高民族地区公共服务均等化水平为中心内容,对民族地区的范围进行界定,对公共服务均等化等概念进行了详细阐述,从基础教育、公共卫生、基础设施、公共文化和社会保障等五个方面对公共服务均等化程度进行了分析研究。通过本论文的分析研究,发现导致民族地区公共服务均等化水平低的原因,同时提出相关的解决途径,给提升民族地区公共服务均等化水平提出了一些理论基础和解决方法。本文共分五个章节,对选题进行了全面的阐述和研究。第一章绪论。简要的指出本文的选题背景和意义、研究内容和方法、国内外已有的文献综述、研究方法和创新之处。第二章民族地区公共服务均等化理论阐述。把民族区域自治制度和公共政策理论作为文章的理论支撑,概述了公共服务的相关概念和特点,为基本公共服务均等化的研究做好理论支持,为文章做好前期铺垫。同时,对民族地区的范围进行了明确的界定,对“均等化”的含义和标准进行了详细的阐述。同时,对民族地区公共服务的内容做了详细的说明。第三章民族地区基本公共服务均等化现状。本章把公共教育、文化、卫生、公共设施和社会保障作为五个研究对象,通过对民族地区和非民族地区的相关数据的搜集、整理和分析,对比了两个地区公共服务均等化发展的现状,得出了民族地区公共服务均等化水平还有待提高的结论。同时,从历史条件、生态环境、经济发展和思想观念等几个方面出发,分析了导致均等化水平偏低的影响因素。第四章提高民族地区基本公共服务均等化水平的方案。在了解影响均等化水平的原因的情况下,指出了提升民族地区公共服务均等化程度的方法。进一步让西部民族地区的经济更好的发展、制定有利于民族地区发展的优惠政策、扩大上级对民族地区的财政转移支付、地方行政部门大量投入符合少数民族生活习惯的公共服务、运用网络技术对民族地区基本公共服务进行管理等方法,从而快速提高民族地区公共服务均等化水平。
[Abstract]:From 1978 to today, China is an important stage of steady and rapid economic development and the social transformation, continuously improve the comprehensive national strength, international status is stable. However, the equalization of basic public services in China is still not widely concerned, between city and countryside, between different regions, between different social classes the existence of non equalization of public service, especially the features of unequal ethnic regions and non ethnic regions are most obvious. China is a central system under the leadership of the multi-ethnic country, ethnic minority areas, the trend of expansion of public services between the non ethnic regions and the developed coastal areas, the not only violate the theory of justice, destruction of the ethnic equality and good wishes, but also bring unstable factors to the harmonious development of all nationalities, the process of building a harmonious society brings resistance. Therefore, in order to improve the equalization of public services in minority areas, it is necessary to understand the status quo of the equalization of public services in ethnic areas accurately, understand "what do well", "what remains to be improved, in order to provide a scientific and effective improve the level of equalization, comments and suggestions. In this paper, the author in China the related national theory, policy and public service as the basic theory, in order to improve the equalization of public services in minority areas as the center, defines the range of ethnic areas, the equalization of public service concept in detail, from the basic education, public health, infrastructure, five aspects of public cultural and social security etc. on the analysis and research of the equalization of public services. Based on this study, found that the cause of the equalization of public services in minority areas is low, and puts forward the relevant solutions No way, and put forward the solution of some theoretical foundation for promote the equalization of public service level. This paper is divided into five chapters on the topic, expatiate and study. The first chapter is introduction. Briefly points out the background and significance of the topic, research contents and methods, literature review at home and abroad, research methods and innovations are described. The equalization of public services in ethnic areas. The second chapter is the theoretical system of regional ethnic autonomy and public policy theory as the theory support, summarizes the related concepts and characteristics of public service, do the theoretical support for the equalization of basic public services, do the preliminary groundwork for this paper. At the same time. Defines the scope of ethnic areas, the meaning and standard of "equalization" in detail. At the same time, the content of public service in minority areas in detail Description. The equalization of basic public services in ethnic minority areas. In the third chapter this chapter of the public education, culture, health, public facilities and social security as the five object of study, through the relevant data of minority and non minority areas of the collection, collation and analysis, compares the status of the equalization of public services in two areas of development the obtained national regional equalization of public service level to be improved the conclusion. At the same time, from the historical conditions, ecological environment, economic development and concept of several aspects, analyzes the factors which affect the equalization of the low level. The fourth chapter is to improve the level of equalization of basic public services in minority region. In the understanding of reason effect of the equalization level situation, pointed out the method to improve the equalization of public service level of the minority areas. Further let the economy in western minority areas better development, development Is conducive to the development of ethnic areas of preferential policies, expand the superior financial transfer payment to minority areas, a large number of local administrative departments in line with the national minority living habits of public service, management and other methods of basic public service in minority areas by using network technology, so as to improve the level of equalization of public services in minority areas.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630

【参考文献】