改革开放以来中国慈善组织公信力建设研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 13:55

本文选题：改革开放　切入点：中国　出处：《湖南师范大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国慈善事业源远流长,迄今为止已有几千年的发展历史。慈善组织是慈善活动实施的载体,中国历朝历代曾经出现过多种形式的慈善组织,这些慈善组织开展了大量救助活动,这有效改善了弱势群体的生存环境和生活条件,缓和了社会矛盾,维护了社会秩序的稳定,成为协调、推进社会发展与进步的重要动力。慈善组织开展活动的善款善物主要来源于社会各界的捐赠,这种捐赠背后是捐赠者对慈善组织的信任与认可,也就是慈善组织的公信力。公信力作为“无形资产”,是慈善组织获取公众信任度的重要指标,已经成为社会衡量慈善组织优劣的重要尺度。慈善组织公信力是慈善组织行为能力的基础,体现了慈善组织的理念、诚信和具体服务的水平,同时也是公众对慈善组织的评价,反映着公众对慈善组织的满意度和信任度。然而,近几年,一些慈善组织因为自身管理失范,频频陷入信任危机,其社会形象和公信力有所下降,这引发全社会的思考。自改革开放以来,当代中国慈善事业发展至今已有30多年时间,中国慈善组织公信力建设已经取得了一些成就,论文试图运用历史学、管理学、社会学、法学等多学科的知识,对改革开放以来慈善组织的公信力建设进行研究,以期以史为镜、总结有益经验,为当前慈善组织公信力建设提供参考借鉴。论文分绪论、正文、结语三大部分。绪论部分主要交代了选题的缘由；基于学界对历史上和当前慈善发展史、慈善组织、慈善组织公信力研究的回顾,对目前的研究现状进行客观评论；随后对文章的研究时限、核心概念进行界定；最后阐述论文的研究思路与框架、创新与不足之处。第一章主要回顾近代时期慈善组织公信力的建设情况。近代时期是中国慈善组织尤其是民间慈善组织发展的鼎盛时期,首先分析了近代时期慈善组织兴盛的背景,接着对慈善组织的组织建设进行剖析、对政府法制在慈善组织公信力方面的规范进行分析,最后对典型慈善组织在公信力建设方面的一些措施进行探析。第二章主要讨论复苏时期(1978-1993)慈善组织的公信力建设情况。首先回顾了1949-1978年间慈善组织的生存环境以及这时期中国红十字会的公信力建设举措；接着分析了复苏时期慈善组织的面临发展环境和这时期慈善法制的建设情况；最后,以中国青少年发展基金会为例探析慈善组织在塑造公信力方面的一些运行机制。第三章探究了快速发展时期(1994-2007)慈善组织的公信力建设情况。首先从中央政策、社会环境、社会舆论方面对慈善组织的发展环境进行分析并描述了其态势,接着结合这一时期政府最新慈善法制建设说明其对慈善组织公信力建设的影响；再次,以“明报事件”、提出慈善组织行业自律倡议书等几个典型事例分析民间力量在推动慈善组织公信力建设方面的作用；最后,以中国红十字会、中国青少年发展基金会为例探究这时期慈善组织的公信力建设的具体举措。第四章对转型时期(2008--)慈善组织公信力建设进行研究。首先分析了自然灾害中的慈善组织应对及2008年之后慈善组织的发展态势：接下来,对2008年之后的慈善法制建设进行分析；接着以“制定《中国公益性非营利组织自律准则》”、“透明慈善联合行动”等事件分析民间力量在慈善组织公信力建设中的作用；最后剖析转型时期中国红十字会、壹基金在慈善组织公信力建设中的有益经验。第五章论述了中国慈善组织公信力建设的历史与未来。首先总结了中国慈善组织公信力建设的历史演变,也就是慈善法制建设由缺位到相对健全、民间力量成为推动慈善组织公信力建设的重要角色、社会媒体对慈善组织公信力的影响愈来愈深；接着介绍了香港慈善组织公信力建设的一些做法；随后论述了慈善组织公信力建设中应当要处理好慈善组织与政府、与社会媒体、与捐赠主体、其他组织之间的关系；最后,阐述了未来慈善组织公信力建设的方向和举措。最后结语部分主要是对全文研究给出一个概括性归纳,总结如下：慈善组织的发展需要公信力,公信力是推动慈善组织发展的核心力量；慈善组织公信力建设存在问题是多种因素共同使然；慈善组织公信力建设是一项系统性工程,需要慈善组织自身、政府、社会媒体、社会公众等多方力量的共同参与；慈善组织公信力建设不仅仅是一种制度性建设,更是一种慈善文化的建设。
[Abstract]:Chinese charity has a long history, so far has thousands of years of history. The charity organization is the carrier of the implementation of the charity, Chinese dynasties have appeared in various forms of charity, the charity organization to carry out a lot of relief activities, which can effectively improve the weak community living environment and living conditions, easing social conflicts, safeguard the stability of social order, become the important power of promoting harmony, development and progress of the society. Charity organizations to carry out activities of the donation good things comes mainly from the donor community, this donation is behind the donor trust and approval of charitable organizations, is the credibility of charitable organizations. The credibility as "intangible assets", is an important index charity organizations to obtain public trust, has become an important standard to measure the merits of the social charity organization credibility of charitable organizations is a charitable organization. The basic behavior, embodies the charity concept, integrity and specific service level, but also the public evaluation of charitable organizations, reflects the public charitable organization satisfaction and trust. However, in recent years, some charitable organizations because of their own management anomie, frequently fall into a crisis of confidence, and its social image the credibility of decline, which led to thinking of the whole society. Since the reform and opening up, the development of contemporary Chinese philanthropy has been 30 years of time, China charity organization credibility construction has made some achievements, the thesis tries to use history, management science, sociology, law and other disciplines of knowledge, research on charity since the reform and opening up the credibility of the organization construction, taking history as a mirror, summarizes the beneficial experience, provide a reference for the construction of credibility of charitable organizations. This paper consists of introduction, text, conclusion of three parts . the introduction part mainly explains the reasons of selecting the topic; scholars on the history and current development of charity history, based on the review of the charity organization, charity organization credibility research, objective comment on the current situation of the research; then the research time, defines the core concepts; finally elaborated the research mentality and the frame of this paper, innovation and the construction of shortcomings. The first chapter reviews the history period. The credibility of charitable organizations in modern times is Chinese charity especially the heyday of folk charity organization development, first analyzes the modern charity prosperity background, then carries on the analysis to the charity organization construction, to standardize the government legal system in the aspects of the credibility of charitable organizations analysis, finally analyzes some measures in the construction of credibility typical charity organizations. The second chapter mainly discusses the recovery period ( 1978-1993) credibility of the construction of charitable organizations. The paper reviewed 1949-1978 years of charity organization and the living environment and the credibility of the construction measures Chinese Red Cross; then analyzes the construction situation facing the development of charity organization and environmental recovery period in this period of the legal system of charity; finally, to Chinese youth development foundation for the operating mechanism in shaping the cases of the credibility of charitable organizations. The third chapter explores the rapid development period (1994-2007) credibility of the construction of charitable organizations. First from the central policy, social environment, social public opinion environment for the development of charitable organizations is analyzed and described the situation, and then combined with the government during this period the new charity legal system shows its influence the charity organization credibility construction; thirdly, to "Ming Pao event", proposed the charity organization self-discipline initiative The book of several typical case analysis of folk force role in promoting the construction of credibility of charitable organizations; finally, the Red Cross Chinese, specific initiatives China youth development foundation to explore this period of charity organization's credibility construction as an example. The fourth chapter of the transition period (2008--) of the credibility of charitable organizations. First analyzes the development trend of construction charity response and natural disasters in 2008 after the charity: next, on 2008 after the construction of the legal system of charity are analyzed; then to formulate < China nonprofit organization discipline > "," transparent charity joint action "events such as the analysis of folk forces acting on the credibility of charitable organizations in the construction of the final analysis; the transition period China Red Cross, useful experience in the credibility of charitable organizations in the construction of the foundation. The fifth chapter discusses the China Ci The history and future of good organizational credibility construction. Firstly summarizes the evolution of the history of the construction of Chinese credibility of charitable organizations, charitable legal system is by default to a relatively sound, the civil power become an important role in promoting the construction of credibility of charitable organizations, social media influence on the credibility of charitable organizations is more and more deep; then introduces some practices of charities in Hongkong the construction of credibility; then discusses the construction of credibility of charitable organizations should handle the charitable organizations and government, and social media, and donations, relations between other organizations; finally, elaborated the future direction and measure of the credibility of charitable organizations construction. The last part is the summary of the study are summarized as follows, a summary: the development of charitable organizations need credibility, credibility is the core power to promote the development of charitable organizations; charity The organization building credibility problems is a variety of factors due to the credibility of charitable organizations; construction is a systematic project, need of charity organizations, government, social media, participation of the public power; the credibility of charitable organizations construction is not only a kind of construction system is a construction of charity culture.

【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.9

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