南京国民政府时期的地缘政治与西南边疆治理研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 01:11

本文选题：南京国民政府 + 地缘政治　；参考：《云南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：南京国民政府于1927年成立,自1928年12月29日张学良改旗易帜后,云南、四川、宁夏、新疆等省陆续宣布服从南京国民政府的统治,南京国民政府形式上统一了全国。然而,国内一直处于军阀林立、各自为政的局面。由于受到邻国的威胁,中国的地缘政治格局极为严峻,中国的东、西、南、北等各个方向的疆域都受到他国的威胁,日本更是趁机入侵中国,成为中国地缘政治上最大的挑战。西南边疆在南京国民政府时期具有重要的政治军事地位,尤其在抗日战争时期,东北沦陷后西南边疆成为抗战的大后方。西南边疆具有独特的地缘环境、多元的文化,不仅是中国的西南国防门户,也是经济发展的原料贮备地。因此西南边疆逐渐成为南京国民政府边疆治理的重点。南京国民政府在治理西南边疆的过程中面临着多重困境：西南边疆地处西陲,既有他国入侵的边疆危机,又有西南地方势力与中央政府的博弈,因而危害了国家安全,影响了西南边疆的政治稳定与经济发展,且西南边疆的地形与气候等地理原因以及民族迁移、战争等历史原因,西南边疆并存着多元的文化与多个民族,因而民族问题的出现亦不可避免。对此,南京国民政府为维护西南边疆的政治稳定,促进其经济发展,对西南边疆采取了一系列政策与措施对西南边疆进行治理。在深入分析南京国民政府时期的边疆治理实践中得到有益于当今边疆治理的一些启示。本文分为四大部分,首先分析南京国民政府时期中国的地缘政治格局与西南边疆的地缘重要性。其次分析南京国民政府在治理西南边疆的治理中所遇到的困境。再次,分析南京国民政府对西南边疆治理采取的路径。最后分析从南京国民政府治理西南边疆中得出的启示。
[Abstract]:The Nanjing National Government was established in 1927. After Zhang Xueliang changed his flag on December 29, 1928, Yunnan, Sichuan, Ningxia, Xinjiang and other provinces successively announced that they served the rule of the Nanjing National Government, and the Nanjing National Government unified the whole country in form. However, the country has been in the warlords, separate situation. As a result of the threat from neighboring countries, China's geopolitical structure is extremely severe, China's east-west, south-north and other areas are threatened by other countries, and Japan has taken the opportunity to invade China and become the biggest geopolitical challenge in China. The southwest frontier area had important political and military status in the period of Nanjing National Government, especially in the period of the Anti-Japanese War, the southwest frontier area became the main rear area of the War of Resistance against Japan after the fall of the Northeast. With its unique geographical environment and diverse culture, the southwest frontier is not only the gateway of southwest China's national defense, but also the reserve of raw materials for economic development. Therefore, the southwest border area gradually became the focal point of Nanjing National Government's border area management. The Nanjing National Government is faced with many difficulties in the process of managing the southwest frontier: the southwest frontier lies in the western border, which not only has the crisis of other countries invading the frontier, but also has the game between the southwest local forces and the central government, thus endangering the national security. It has affected the political stability and economic development of the southwest frontier, and the geography reasons, such as topography and climate of the southwest frontier, as well as historical reasons such as nationality migration, war, etc., the southwest border area coexisted with multiple cultures and many nationalities. Therefore, the emergence of national problems is also inevitable. In order to maintain the political stability of the southwest frontier and promote its economic development, the Nanjing National Government adopted a series of policies and measures to govern the southwest frontier. In the deep analysis of the practice of border governance in the period of Nanjing National Government, some enlightenments have been obtained. This paper is divided into four parts. Firstly, it analyzes the geopolitical pattern of China during the Nanjing National Government and the geopolitical importance of the southwest frontier. Secondly, it analyzes the difficulties encountered by the Nanjing National Government in the governance of the southwest frontier. Thirdly, the paper analyzes the path taken by Nanjing National Government to control the southwest frontier. Finally, the enlightenment from the Nanjing National Government to govern the southwest frontier is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D633;D693

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