威宁县少数民族人口外出务工状况研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 03:34

本文选题：少数民族人口 + 外出务工　；参考：《贵州民族大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：就业是民生之本。温家宝曾指出:“就业不但关乎一个人的生计,更关乎一个人的尊严”。因此,对就业问题,乃至西部地区人口就业问题、外出务工等非正规就业的研究,一直是当前学界的热点。特别是在经济比较落后的少数民族地区,就业和外出务工问题比经济发达地区的问题要严重得多。因此,对民族地区少数民族人口就业和外出务工情况进行调查研究,特别是针对在外出务工的过程中产生的一系列问题,例如:如何转移农村剩余劳动力、工作环境、留守儿童问题、劳动力技能等问题,对于这些问题的研究具有一定的现实意义。本文在促进威宁发展的大背景下,通过研究威宁少数民族人口外出务工情况,目的在于通过严谨客观的实证研究,对威宁少数民族的劳动力资源状况,就业率、就业状况、工作类型、外出务工情况、工作环境、留守儿童问题等方面的问题进行了梳理,对存在的问题进行了总结,并在此基础上提出了切实可行的对策和建议。其研究成果必将为我国促进少数民族就业政策的制定提供借鉴。本文共分为五个部分:第一部分,主要阐述了研究缘起、研究思路及研究方法;第二部分,主要介绍与分析了威宁县少数民族人口外出务工的现状与特征,通过对威宁县的抽样调查收集的数据分析,阐释了当地少数民族外出务工人员以青壮年为主、素质普遍偏低、外出方式以自发转移为主等特征;第三部分,从文化差异大、社会融入差、缺乏权益保障、子女受教育困难重重四方面探讨威宁县少数民族人口外出务工面临的困境,具体表现为就业形式严峻、外出务工人员占的比例比较高、劳动力资源缺乏、就业率不高、工作类型主要从事建筑劳动;第四部分,从威宁县少数民族人口外出务工引发的社会问题入手,梳理出农村孤寡老人和留守儿童、农业生产受影响等问题,进一步阐释外出务工引发的突出问题;第五部分,针对威宁彝族回族苗族自治县就业和外出务工人员情况中存在主要问题,提出了相应的解决方法与措施:定期举行生产技能培训,加强劳动中介的办事力量,把更多有技能的人输送到相应的企业中去,加大资金投入,增加扶贫资金补贴,鼓励返乡人才回家创业,给予更多的资金补贴,特别是农业和畜牧业的补贴,对外来投资企业给予更多的政策优惠,从而增加就业岗位,特别是针对留守儿童问题,社会各界及政府都要多关心这个群体,让更多的孩子得到父母的关注;文章最后得出结论,以制度体系为保障推进民族地区剩余劳动力区域间、产业间转移,是加速民族地区经济发展的有效途径,也是体现社会进步的重要标志。
[Abstract]:Employment is the foundation of the people's livelihood. Wen Jiabao once pointed out, "employment is not only about a person's livelihood, but also about one's dignity". Therefore, the study of employment, even the employment of the population in the western region, and the study of irregular employment, such as migrant workers, has always been a hot spot in the current academic field, especially in the economically backward minority areas, The problem of industry and migrant work is much more serious than that in the economically developed areas. Therefore, the investigation and study of the employment and work of the ethnic minority population in ethnic areas, especially in the process of working out, is a series of problems, such as how to transfer the surplus labor of the rural village, the working environment, the problem of leaving the children, and the labor. In the background of promoting the development of Weining, the purpose of this article is to study the situation of the migrant workers in Weining, through a rigorous and objective empirical study on the status of labor resources, the employment rate, the employment situation and the work category of the ethnic minorities in Weining. Type, work situation, working environment, left behind children problems have been combed, the existing problems are summarized, and on this basis, the practical countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. The research results will provide reference for China to promote the employment policy of minority nationalities. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part In the second part, the main introduction and analysis of the status and characteristics of the migrant workers in Weining county were introduced and analyzed. Through the analysis of the data collected from the sampling survey in Weining County, it was explained that the local ethnic minority migrant workers were mainly young and young, and the quality was generally low and went out. The third part, from the cultural difference, the social integration, the lack of rights and interests, the children's education difficulties, four aspects of the difficulties faced by the migrant workers in Weining County, including the severe form of employment, the higher proportion of migrant workers, and the lack of labor resources. The employment rate is not high, the work type is mainly engaged in the construction work. In the fourth part, starting with the social problems caused by the migrant workers from the minority nationalities in Weining County, this paper combs out the problems of the rural orphans and widows and the left behind children, the agricultural production is affected, and further explains the outstanding problems caused by the migrant workers. The fifth part is aimed at the Hui Miao of the Yi nationality in Weining. There are major problems in employment and migrant workers in ethnic autonomous counties, and the corresponding solutions and measures are put forward: regular training of production skills, strengthening of the work force of labor intermediaries, transferring more skilled people to the corresponding enterprises, increasing capital investment, increasing subsidies for poverty alleviation funds and encouraging returning home personnel to go home The industry gives more subsidy, especially the subsidies of agriculture and animal husbandry, and gives more policy preferences to foreign investment enterprises, thus increasing employment, especially for the children left behind. All sectors of the society and the government should pay more attention to this group and let more children get their parents' attention. Finally, the article draws a conclusion, so as to make a conclusion. The degree system is an effective way to accelerate the economic development of ethnic areas, and also an important symbol of social progress.

【学位授予单位】：贵州民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F249.27;C95

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