理论、制度与现实:全球治理时代中国国家能力建设的三维审视

发布时间：2018-05-01 00:18

  本文选题：全球化 + 全球治理　； 参考：《苏州大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：21世纪以来,全球治理日益成为国际政治领域一个倍受关注的重要领域。作为一个新兴大国,中国的崛起和发展正在推动全球治理结构的变迁,这种变迁很大程度上对过去以发达资本主义国家主导的全球治理体系造成了巨大冲击,在这种冲击面前,国际社会不可能以一颗平常心对待中国的崛起和发展。在此背景下,中国加强国家能力建设势必引起国际社会的更多关注,甚至带着几分恶意的诋毁,如“中国威胁论”的盛行。这对于意欲融入全球治理进程的中国来说,无疑带来了全方位的挑战和更加复杂诡谲的外部环境。如此境遇,需要中国积极加强国家能力建设去应对,但同时,中国加强国家能力建设在全球治理时代又遭致了国际社会更多的担忧和质疑。这无疑是中国在全球治理时代加强国家能力建设无法回避的一个国际性“悖论”处境。本论文即直面全球治理时代中国国家能力建设遭际的上述国际性“悖论”处境,运用全球治理理论、马克思主义国际关系理论和现实主义国家关系理论,从理论、制度和现实三个维度展开分析,既回应中国在全球治理背景下加强国家能力建设面临的挑战,明确中国加强国家能力建设的必要性和存在的不足;又在此基础上对中国在全球治理时代如何加强国家能力建设提出了相应的思路和对策。由于中国在全球治理时代加强国家能力建设面临的挑战是全方位的,既有理论和制度维度的挑战,更有现实维度的挑战。这也要求中国在参与全球治理进程中加强国家能力建设需要从理论、制度和现实三个维度展开。首先,从理论维度看,由于全球治理的发展对中国加强国家能力建设存在两个方面的理论挑战,即全球治理背后的全球化逻辑和全球治理的多元主体对主权国家弱化的理解对中国加强国家能力建设的正当性的挑战,以及各种“中国威胁论”对中国加强国家能力建设的担忧和恶意质疑。但面对这些理论挑战,由于受到多种因素的影响,中国在全球治理体系中的理论对话能力偏弱,缺乏国际对话的足够理论实力,致使中国在全球治理时代加强国家能力建设缺乏足够话语权和理论话语支撑。对此,中国必须深化相关理论研究,深入把握全球治理的发展趋势及其与主权国家的关系,阐明中国发展对于全球治理的积极意义,构建具有中国特质的全球治理的理论话语体系,积极参与全球对话,表达中国的声音,争取中国在全球治理体系中的话语权,增强中国参与全球治理的理论话语能力。其次,从制度维度看,由于目前的国际机制主要是由西方发达资本主义国家主导确立的,对于日益融入全球治理却在国际机制中处于不利地位的中国而言,加强国家能力建设在制度层面始终面临两个方面的挑战,即中国特色社会主义制度面临的挑战和中国参与全球治理面临的国际制度挑战。对于这些制度挑战,中国目前不仅存在中国特色社会主义制度对全球治理的回应能力较弱问题;而且明显存在参与全球治理的制度化能力不足问题。对于积极参与全球治理进程的中国来说,要最终化解全球治理对中国国家能力建设的制度挑战,必须从两方面着手推进国家制度建设,增强中国参与全球治理的制度化能力,一是不断完善中国特色社会主义制度,在参与全球治理中增强中国特色社会主义制度的回应能力和自信心;二是积极参与国际机制建设,不断提高中国参与全球治理的制度化能力。最后,从现实维度看,中国在全球治理时代加强国家能力建设不仅面临诸多全球治理问题的挑战,而且维护国家主权、安全、领土完整和祖国统一的任务依然艰巨繁重。但与之相对应,中国参与全球治理的现实国家能力却存在很多不足。如国家经济能力方面,经济结构失衡比较严重,企业自主创新能力不强,经济发展不确定因素增多等;国家政治能力方面,政治危机在一定层面上仍然存在发生的可能性,政治社会整合能力不强以及政治动员能力有所下降等;国家军事能力方面,军事现代化基础薄弱,军事技术装备整体依然落后以及国防动员能力有待提高等。为了更好地参与全球治理,承担中国作为一个负责任大国应该承担的国际责任,推进世界的和平与发展,并在这个进程中更好地维护国家的核心利益,中国需要在正视全球治理对中国国家能力建设带来的各种现实挑战的基础上,不断加强综合国力建设,增强中国参与全球治理的现实国家能力。
[Abstract]:Since twenty-first Century, global governance has increasingly become an important area of attention in the international political field. As a new country, the rise and development of China is promoting the change of the global governance structure. This change has greatly affected the global governance system dominated by developed capitalist countries in the past. In the face of the impact, it is impossible for the international community to deal with the rise and development of China with a common heart. In this context, China's strengthening of national capacity is bound to attract more attention from the international community, even with a few malicious slanders, such as the prevalence of "China's threat theory", which is not available to China intended to integrate into the global governance process. Doubt brings a full range of challenges and a more complex and sophisticated external environment. Such a situation requires China to actively strengthen national capacity building to cope with it, but at the same time, China's strengthening of national capacity building in the era of global governance has also caused more concern and doubt in the international community. It is no doubt that China has strengthened its national capacity in the era of global governance. It is an international "paradox" that can not be avoided. This paper is directly facing the international "paradox" of China's national capacity building in the era of global governance, using the theory of global governance, the theory of Marx's international relations and the theory of realist state relations, from the three dimensions of theory, system and reality. In response to the challenge of strengthening national capacity building under the background of global governance, China has made clear the necessity and shortcomings of China's strengthening of national capacity building. On this basis, it puts forward the corresponding ideas and Countermeasures on how to strengthen national capacity building in the era of global governance. The challenges facing national capacity building are all dimensions, both theoretical and institutional challenges and more realistic dimensions. It also requires China to strengthen national capacity building in the process of global governance in the three dimensions of theory, system and reality. First, from the theoretical dimension, the development of global governance to China There are two theoretical challenges in strengthening national capacity construction, namely, the globalization logic behind global governance and the understanding of the weakening of the sovereign state by the multi subject of global governance on the legitimacy of China's strengthening of national capacity building, as well as the concern and malice of China's "threat theory" to China to strengthen national capacity building. But in the face of these theoretical challenges, China's theoretical dialogue ability in the global governance system is weak because of many factors, and the lack of sufficient theoretical strength for international dialogue leads to the lack of sufficient discourse power and theoretical discourse support for China to strengthen national capacity construction in the era of global governance. Study on the development trend of global governance and its relationship with the sovereign state, clarify the positive significance of China's development to global governance, construct a theoretical discourse system of global governance with Chinese characteristics, actively participate in the global dialogue, express the voice of China, and strive for the discourse power of China in the global governance system. Secondly, from the institutional dimension, since the current international mechanism is mainly established by the western developed capitalist countries, China has two sides to strengthen the national capacity construction at the institutional level, for China, which is increasingly integrated into the global governance but in the disadvantageous position of the international mechanism. The challenges faced by the socialist system of Chinese characteristics and the international institutional challenges facing China's participation in global governance are not only weak in China's response to global governance, but also in the lack of institutional capacity to participate in global governance. For China, which actively participates in the process of global governance, it is necessary to resolve the institutional challenge of global governance to China's national capacity building. We must proceed from two aspects to promote the construction of the state system and strengthen the institutional capacity of China's participation in global governance. One is to constantly improve the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and participate in global governance. To strengthen the response ability and self-confidence of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, two is to actively participate in the construction of international mechanism and continuously improve the institutional capacity of China's participation in global governance. Finally, from the reality dimension, the strengthening of China's national capacity building in the era of global governance is not only facing the challenges of many global governance problems, but also maintaining the country. The task of home sovereignty, security, territorial integrity and reunification of the motherland is still arduous and arduous. But in contrast, there are many shortcomings in China's actual national capacity to participate in global governance, such as the national economic capacity, the serious imbalance in economic structure, the weak independent innovation ability of enterprises, the increasing uncertainty of economic development, and so on. In terms of capacity, the political crisis still exists at a certain level, the ability of political and social integration is not strong, and the ability of political mobilization has fallen. The military capability of the state, the weak base of military modernization, the overall lag of military technical equipment and the improvement of national defense mobilization ability. The administration of the ball is responsible for the international responsibility that China should undertake as a responsible big country, promote peace and development in the world, and better safeguard the core interests of the country in this process. China needs to strengthen the construction of comprehensive national strength on the basis of facing the various realistic challenges that the global governance has brought to China's national capacity building, Enhance China's real national capacity to participate in global governance.

【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630
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本文编号：1826881