技术进步与行政发展研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 08:00

本文选题：技术进步 + 行政发展　；参考：《湘潭大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：现代社会是一个技术飞速发展的社会,技术进步以无孔不入的态势渗透到人类社会生活的各个领域,深刻改变着人们的生产方式和生活方式。作为人类社会发展中最为活跃、最为革命的动力因素,技术进步不仅是推动经济发展的动力源泉,也是推动行政发展的重要动力。深入剖析技术进步推动行政发展的作用机理、历史样态、基本规律和实现机制,既有利于深化对行政发展动力因素的理论认识,又有利于进一步探索行政发展的实践路径,因此,无论是对深化行政发展的理论研究而言,还是对推动行政发展的实践活动而言,系统深入地分析技术进步推动行政发展的各项内容,都具有一定的理论价值和现实意义。本文紧密围绕“技术进步是行政发展的重要动力”这一核心论点,在梳理技术进步与行政发展的研究成果和基本理论的基础上,主要探讨技术进步推动行政发展的作用机理、历史样态、基本规律和实现机制四个问题,以此构建基本的研究框架。具体而言,本文的写作思路主要如下:首先,从作用原理、作用机制、作用途径三个层面,剖析技术进步推动行政发展的作用机理,回答“技术进步为什么能推动行政发展”这一问题。这从三个层面展开:其一,将技术进步与行政发展置于人类社会发展的系统结构和运行规则,通过考察技术进步对生产力和生产关系的作用方式及其对人类社会的经济基础和上层建筑的影响,揭示技术进步推动行政发展的作用原理;其二,借鉴技术经济学和技术社会学的相关概念,从渗透机制、传导机制、扩散机制三个方面,阐释技术进步推动行政发展的作用机制;其三,结合行政发展的基本内容,从行政观念革新、行政体制变革、行政运行机制优化、行政方式方法创新四个方面,探讨技术进步推动行政发展的作用途径。其次,从准行政、统治行政、管理行政、服务行政四个阶段,考察技术进步推动行政发展的历史样态,验证技术进步推动行政发展的作用机理。这四个阶段的历时态考察,主要结合不同阶段的技术范式和行政范式展开,具体表现在:第一,准行政阶段。这是原始社会时期,人类行政活动的准备阶段。对这一时期的考察,主要从准行政形成的前提条件、技术进步对准行政形成条件的催化作用及技术进步推动准行政发展的历史脉络三个方面展开。第二,统治行政阶段。这是农业社会时期,人类进入小农生产的阶级社会后,人类行政活动经历的第一个真正意义上的发展阶段。对这一时期的考察,主要从技术进步奠定统治行政形成的基础、技术进步维系统治行政的有效运行及技术进步推动统治行政发展的历史脉络三个方面展开。第三,管理行政阶段。这是工业社会时期,伴随着工业革命和机械化大生产的历史进程,人类行政管理模式实现的第二次重大发展。对这一时期的考察,主要从管理行政的本质、技术进步与管理行政的形成和发展等方面展开。第四,服务行政阶段。这是人类社会进入后工业社会后,行政发展的前进方向和目标模式,也是行政管理活动适应经济社会发展的必然要求。对这一时期的考察,主要结合我国的服务型政府建设实践,考察服务行政的价值意蕴,分析现代信息技术对服务行政形成和发展的重要推动作用。再次,以技术进步推动行政发展的作用机理与历史样态分析为基础,探讨技术进步推动行政发展的基本规律,并将其基本规律概括为相互适应律、动态平衡律和相对稳定律三个方面。对相互适应律的探讨,主要从保持相互适应的条件、方式及意义三个方面展开;对动态平衡律的分析,主要从形成动态平衡的原因、保持动态平衡的方式及维系动态平衡的意义三个方面展开;对相对稳定律的考察,主要从保持相对稳定的条件、方式及意义三个方面展开。最后,从优化行政主体系统、整合行政客体系统、深化行政认识、规范行政实践四个层面,探讨技术进步推动行政发展的实现机制,从而体现理论研究服务于实践需要的基本原则。在探讨这一实现机制时,主要围绕“行政发展体现的是行政活动的进步状态”这一本质特征展开,从而将行政发展分解为行政主体的发展、行政客体的发展及行政主体的行政认识和行政实践的发展四个方面。遵循这一思路,具体探讨了以下内容:其一,通过考察技术进步对行政决策系统、行政执行系统、行政监督系统的优化方式,探讨技术进步优化行政主体系统的实现路径;其二,通过分析行政客体系统的构成要素和基本属性,探讨技术进步整合行政客体系统的基本目标、主要方式和发展意蕴;其三,从基本途径、主要阶段、主要表现三个方面,分析技术进步对行政认识的深化机制;其四,从行政权力、行政行为、行政过程三个方面,分析技术进步对行政实践的规范机制。本文对技术进步与行政发展这一主题进行研究的创新之处主要体现在:第一,从选题的角度来说,尽管随着信息技术和网络技术的发展,已有学者对信息技术、网络技术与行政发展的相互关系和相互作用展开研究,但这一研究尚停留在微观的、分散的阶段,尚未从宏观上、根本上把握技术进步对行政发展的推动作用。因此,本文以“技术进步与行政发展”作为论文主题,便体现了选题方面的创新。第二,从研究框架的角度来说,通过遵循作用机理—历史样态—基本规律—实现机制四位一体的逻辑思路,构建了相对完善的研究框架,这既保持了这一论题的理论旨趣,也体现了这一选题的实践价值。第三,提出“技术进步是推动行政发展的重要动力”这一核心论点,突破以往行政发展动因研究的理论桎梏,从而实现核心论点的创新。同时,在系统论证这一观点的过程中,积极借鉴和引用技术社会学、技术经济学、公共行政学的相关观点,提出一系列具有一定创新性的分论点。例如,在分析技术进步推动行政发展的作用机制时,提出技术进步推动行政发展的渗透机制、传导机制、扩散机制;在考察技术进步推动行政发展的历史样态时,将行政发展的历史阶段划分为准行政、统治行政、管理行政、服务行政四个阶段,从而与技术进步的历史分期形成对应。
[Abstract]:Modern society is a society with rapid development of technology. Technological progress has penetrated into all fields of human social life with pervasive trend, profoundly changing people's mode of production and life style. As the most active and revolutionary motive force in the development of human society, technological progress is not only a motive force to promote economic development. It is also an important driving force to promote administrative development. It is beneficial to deepen the theoretical understanding of the dynamic factors of administrative development and to further explore the practical path of administrative development. Therefore, no matter it is to deepen the administrative development, it is beneficial to deepen the theoretical understanding of the power factors of administrative development and to further explore the practical path of administrative development. As far as theoretical research is concerned, it has a certain theoretical and practical significance to systematically analyze the technical progress and promote the various contents of administrative development in terms of the practical activities of promoting administrative development. This paper is closely related to the core argument of "technological progress is the important motive force of administrative development", and is combing technical progress and administrative development. On the basis of the research achievements and basic theories of the exhibition, we mainly discuss the mechanism of the role of the technological progress in promoting the administrative development, the historical pattern, the basic law and the realization mechanism, so as to construct the basic research framework. In particular, the writing ideas of this paper are as follows: first, from the principle of action, the mechanism of action and the way of action, the four aspects, This paper analyzes the role mechanism of technological progress in promoting administrative development and answers the question of "why technological progress can promote administrative development", which is carried out from three levels: first, put technical progress and administrative development on the system structure and operating rules of human social development, and examine the role of technical progress on productivity and production relations. As well as its influence on the economic basis and superstructure of human society, it reveals the principle of the role of technological progress in promoting administrative development; secondly, it uses the related concepts of technical economics and Technical Sociology to explain the mechanism of the action of technical progress to promote administrative development from three aspects: permeation mechanism, transmission mechanism and diffusion mechanism. The basic content of administrative development, from the four aspects of the innovation of the administrative concept, the reform of the administrative system, the optimization of the administrative operation mechanism and the innovation of the method and method of administration, discuss the ways of promoting the administrative development by the technological progress. Secondly, from the four stages of the quasi administration, the ruling administration, the administration administration and the service administration, the history of the technological progress has been investigated to promote the history of the administrative development. In the four stages, the study of the temporal tense, mainly combined with the different stages of the technical paradigm and the administrative paradigm, is mainly manifested in the following aspects: first, the quasi administrative stage. This is the quasi administrative stage of the primitive society. The investigation of this period is mainly from the quasi administrative form. The precondition, the catalytic action of the technological progress on the administrative formation conditions and the historical context of the technical progress to promote the quasi administrative development. Second, the ruling administrative stage. This is the first real development step of the human administrative activity experience after the human entering the class society of the small agricultural production. In this period, the investigation of this period has laid the foundation for the formation of the ruling administration from the technological progress, the effective operation of the administration of the administration of technology and the progress of technology and the progress of the technology to promote the development of the ruling administration. Third, the administrative stage of administration. This is the time of industrial society, with the industrial revolution and the large mechanization of production. The historical process, the second major development of the human administrative management model, mainly from the essence of management administration, the development of technology and the formation and development of management administration. Fourth, the stage of service administration. This is the direction and target model of the administrative development after the human society enters the post industrial society. It is also an inevitable requirement for the administrative activities to adapt to the economic and social development. The investigation of this period is mainly based on the construction practice of the service-oriented government in China, inspecting the value implication of service administration, and analyzing the important role of modern information technology on the formation and development of service administration. On the basis of the analysis of mechanism and historical pattern, the basic law of technological progress is discussed, and its basic rules are summarized into three aspects: the law of mutual adaptation, the law of dynamic equilibrium and the law of relative stability. The discussion of the mutual adaptation law is mainly from the three aspects of maintaining the conditions, ways and meanings of mutual adaptation; and the law of dynamic equilibrium. The analysis is mainly from three aspects: the formation of dynamic balance, the way of maintaining dynamic balance and the significance of maintaining dynamic balance; the investigation of the relative stability law is mainly from three aspects: maintaining relatively stable conditions, methods and significance. Finally, the system of the administrative subject is optimized, the administrative object system is integrated, and the administrative recognition is deepened. To understand and standardize the four levels of administrative practice, to explore the implementation mechanism of the administrative development by technological progress, and to reflect the basic principles that the theoretical research serves the needs of practice. The development of the administrative subject, the development of the administrative object, the administrative knowledge and the development of the administrative practice are four aspects. Following this idea, the following contents are discussed: first, the optimization of administrative decision-making system, administrative execution system, administrative supervision system and the optimization of technical progress are discussed. Secondly, through the analysis of the elements and basic attributes of the administrative object system, the basic objectives, the main ways and the development implications of the integration of the administrative object system by technological progress are discussed. Thirdly, from the basic way and the main stage, three aspects are mainly expressed, and the deepening mechanism of the technical progress to administrative knowledge is analyzed; fourthly, From three aspects of administrative power, administrative behavior and administrative process, this paper analyzes the standard mechanism of technological progress to administrative practice. The innovation of this thesis is mainly reflected in the research on the theme of technological progress and administrative development: first, from the point of view of topic selection, although with the development of information technology and network technology, some scholars have been to the information technology. The relationship and interaction of network technology and administrative development are studied. However, this research is still in the microcosmic and decentralized stage, and has not yet fundamentally grasped the promotion of technical progress to administrative development. Therefore, the topic of this paper is the theme of "technological progress and the development of business administration". Second, from the perspective of the research framework, a relatively perfect research framework has been constructed by following the logical thinking of the mechanism of action, historical pattern state, basic law and the realization of the four in one mechanism, which not only maintains the theoretical purport of this topic, but also embodies the practical value of the problem. Third, "technological progress is the impetus." The core argument of administrative development is the core argument, which breaks through the theoretical shackles of the previous research on the motivation of administrative development, and thus realizes the innovation of the core argument. At the same time, in the process of systematic demonstration of this point, we actively draw on and quote the relevant viewpoints of technical sociology, technical economics and public administration, and put forward a series of certain innovations. For example, when analyzing the role mechanism of technological progress to promote administrative development, it puts forward the infiltration mechanism, transmission mechanism and diffusion mechanism of the technological progress to promote the administrative development, and divides the historical stages of administrative development into quasi administrative, administrative administration, administration administration and service when examining the historical pattern of technological progress to promote administrative development. The four stages of administration correspond to the historical stages of technological progress.

【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D035

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