城市综合风险评估的数据集成管理研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 02:07

本文选题：风险评估 + 数据集成　；参考：《北京建筑大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市是一个有组织高效率的主体,伴随着城市化进程的发展,使得人口、资源、经济等朝着密集化演变,在这个过程中,也使得我们的城市在应对突然其来的自然灾害、各种事故灾害、公共卫生事件、社会安全事件及其彼此衍生和耦合的事件时变成了一个脆弱的主体,经常造成非常严重的损失。而数据是灾害风险评估研究的前沿领域,准确全面的数据信息是提高风险评估结果可靠性的重要指标,为此,研究集成海量城市综合风险评估数据的技术与管理方法是非常有意义的事情。本论文研究内容是“十二五”科技支撑计划项目“城市脆弱性分析与综合风险评估技术与系统研发”的子课题中研究内容之一。本文在深入透彻分析了构建城市综合风险库在数据方面需求的基础上,采用先进的设计理念和技术,完成了基于空间数据仓库思路的城市综合风险评估数据库的总体框架设计与数据库逻辑设计工作,提出了构建具有汇集库、综合库、历史库和研究库的城市综合风险库设计思路,最终完成了城市综合风险评估数据库的构建工作。考虑到城市的动态发展与变化性,为了能够更好的对城市综合风险库进行动态更新与管理,本文结合多源空间数据集成技术、空间数据仓库技术、基于产生式规则库的自动处理技术、矢量数据增量更新技术、历史数据归档技术和网络化数据汇集处理与采编手段,采用面向对象编程技术,开发了具有数据导入、数据编辑、自动检查、数据同步、数据采集、汇总输出、历史数据管理和系统管理功能的城市综合风险数据集成与管理系统,能够对获取到的多源异构的城市综合风险评估综合数据进行清洗、组织与管理等工作。最后,在城市综合风险评估系统研发基础上,本研究结合城市基础地理数据资源及相关专题数据资源现状,选择北京市海淀区作为典型城市,将现有海淀区各类数据进行收集,并通过研发的系统软件将数据成果按照规范要求进行了数据汇集清洗、质量检查与同步管理。最终,通过研究,本论文得到了以下成果:(1)首次提出了构建城市综合风险评估综合数据库的理念,同时基于空间数据仓库思路,完成了城市综合风险评估数据的设计与构建工作。(2)设计了城市综合风险评估数据库的更新策略,研究了一套集成管理城市综合风险评估数据的方法。(3)设计开发了城市综合风险评估数据集成管理系统软件。本研究成果为最终进行城市综合风险评估数据计算与模型分析软件的建立奠定了数据基础,为进一步进行城市综合风险评估研究奠定了数据基础。
[Abstract]:The city is an organized and efficient main body, along with the development of urbanization, the population, resources, economy and so on to the densification evolution, in this process, also makes our city in response to sudden natural disasters. All kinds of accidents, public health events, social security events and their mutual derivative and coupling events become a vulnerable subject, often causing very serious losses. Data is the frontier field of disaster risk assessment. Accurate and comprehensive data information is an important index to improve the reliability of risk assessment results. It is very meaningful to study the technology and management method of integrating massive urban comprehensive risk assessment data. The research content of this thesis is one of the sub-topics of "Urban vulnerability Analysis and Comprehensive risk Assessment Technology and system R & D" in the 12th Five-Year Plan of Science and Technology support Project. Based on the thorough analysis of the data requirements of constructing the urban comprehensive risk database, this paper adopts advanced design concepts and techniques. The overall framework design and database logic design of urban comprehensive risk assessment database based on spatial data warehouse are completed. The design idea of urban comprehensive risk database based on history database and research database, and finally the construction of urban comprehensive risk assessment database is completed. Considering the dynamic development and variation of the city, in order to better update and manage the city comprehensive risk database, this paper combines multi-source spatial data integration technology, spatial data warehouse technology, Based on automatic processing technology of production rule base, incremental updating technology of vector data, archiving technology of historical data, collecting, processing and collecting and compiling of networked data, the technology of object oriented programming is used to develop data importing, data editing, and so on. Automatic check, data synchronization, data acquisition, aggregate output, historical data management and system management functions of integrated risk data integration and management system, It can clean, organize and manage the comprehensive data of multi-source and heterogeneous urban comprehensive risk assessment. Finally, based on the research and development of urban comprehensive risk assessment system, this study combines the status of urban basic geographic data resources and related thematic data resources, selects Haidian District of Beijing as a typical city, and collects all kinds of existing data in Haidian District. Data collection and cleaning, quality inspection and synchronous management are carried out according to the specification through the developed system software. Finally, through the research, this paper has obtained the following results: 1) for the first time proposed the idea of constructing the comprehensive database of urban comprehensive risk assessment, at the same time, based on the idea of spatial data warehouse, The design and construction of urban comprehensive risk assessment data is completed. The updating strategy of urban comprehensive risk assessment database is designed. A method of integrated management of urban comprehensive risk assessment data is studied. The software of integrated management system of urban comprehensive risk assessment data is designed and developed. The results of this study lay a data foundation for the final calculation of urban comprehensive risk assessment data and the establishment of model analysis software, and for the further study of urban comprehensive risk assessment.
【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D630

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