农村公共物品的项目化供给及其异化效应

发布时间：2018-05-31 13:44

本文选题：农村公共物品 + 项目制　；参考：《新视野》2016年02期

【摘要】：中国农村公共物品供给历经了社区自发式供给、集体化供给和制度化供给三种主导模式。税费改革之后,农村公共物品制度化供给的运作方式发生了从以基层统筹为主向以自上而下的项目制运作为主的转变。由于各种扭曲机制的存在,依靠自上而下的项目制运作的制度化供给在现实中容易诱发各种异化效应,包括政绩驱动下的马太效应、信息隔离下的失真效应、雁过拔毛下的滴漏效应,以及争资跑项下的悬浮效应。由于受到分税制和税费改革之后形成的财政集权结构的硬性约束,这些异化效应将会刚性持续地发生作用。税制和转移支付方式上的改革,加强对项目申报、审批和考核过程的规范化管理,提高项目设置和实施过程的基层参与性和公众参与性,倡导公平导向和参与导向的项目设计等措施能够缓和这些异化效应。
[Abstract]:The supply of rural public goods in China has experienced three dominant modes: community spontaneous supply, collectivized supply and institutionalized supply. After the reform of taxes and fees, the mode of operation of rural public goods' institutionalized supply has changed from the basic level as a whole to the top-down project system. Because of the existence of various distortion mechanisms, depending on the institutional supply of top-down operation of the project system, it is easy to induce a variety of alienation effects in reality, including the Matthew effect driven by political achievements, the distortion effect under information isolation. The drip effect under the wild goose and the suspension effect under the competition for capital. Due to the rigid constraints of the fiscal centralization structure formed after the tax distribution and tax reform, these alienation effects will continue to function rigidly and continuously. To reform the tax system and transfer payment system, to strengthen the standardized management of the process of project declaration, examination and approval, and to increase the grass-roots participation and public participation in the process of setting up and implementing the project, Measures such as equity-oriented and participatory-oriented project design can mitigate these alienation effects.
【作者单位】：华东理工大学人文科学研究院;复旦大学;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金青年项目“土地流转与农民生计模式转变研究”(15CSH041)
【分类号】：D422.6;D630

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