常熟市儿童福利院涉外收养管理研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 06:14

本文选题：常熟市 + 儿童福利院　；参考：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化与我国改革开放进程的不断加快,中国与世界的联系越来越密切,各国间的政治、经济、文化的交流碰撞日益频繁,而福利院的涉外收养问题作为国际发展潮流中的一项特殊课题也逐渐被一些国家提上日程。一方面,它关系到被送养儿童以及接收者权利及利益的实现;另一方面,它也连接着收养国与送养国之间的国际关系。中国作为一个送养大国,更应该加强对儿童福利院涉外收养管理问题的关注,这对儿童权益的实现有着决定性的意义。研究常熟市涉外收养管理工作,一定程度上丰富了涉外收养的相关理论,有利于进一步促进我市涉外收养管理相关理论的发展和完善,有利于进一步促进常熟市孤残儿童涉外收养的健康发展,更有利于保障弃婴儿的合法利益,实现孤残儿童利益最大化。本文通过总结常熟市儿童福利院涉外收养管理工作的历程,选取常熟市儿童福利院涉外收养管理为对象进行重点研究,并结合国内外的成功经验,运用相关理论对常熟市涉外收养管理的发展现状以及发展过程中的不足进行深入的分析,从而对常熟市涉外收养管理的发展提出有针对性的对策及建议。涉外收养保障了弃婴和孤残儿童的合法权益和基本权利,让那些丧失了父母和家庭,且没有自我保护能力的社会弱势群体回归家庭,使其拥有与正常儿童一样的生存权、发展权和受保护权等权利,在有家庭温暖的环境中生活和成长。因为,有父母关爱的家庭能为其创造适合其身心全面协调发展的环境。同时,由于收养国的医疗保障体系完善、医疗技术水平发达,且收养家庭一般经济条件较好、养父母受教育程度较高,也使一些在国内得不到有效救治的残疾儿童在收养国得到康复治疗,和正常儿童一样生活和成长。此外,通过与国外收养组织和家庭的交流合作,加深了相互了解,增进了收养国与送养国之间的友谊,这些被收养的儿童也成为了中外民间交往的友好使者和文化传播者。所以说,涉外收养不仅有利于孤残儿童的成长和身心协调发展,也有利于国家间的沟通和交流。经济和文化的迅速发展,常熟市逐渐融入到整个社会转型的关键时期,与世界其他国家接触与合作的机会与日俱增。儿童福利院作为体现经济与文化发展的重要标志,在常熟也得到了极大的发展。福利院的硬件设施不断提升,管理的科学化水平也不断提高,同时接收与送养的情况也发生了很大的变化。福利院被接收的儿童的数量不断增长,而且接收者的整体条件也明显的优于过去的收养者,这对于儿童身心发育、未来的健康发展,以及促进和谐常熟的建立起着积极作用。但是常熟市儿童福利院的涉外收养管理还存在着许多亟待解决的问题,例如机构内部职权不清晰、收养确定的主体范围狭隘、对于残疾儿童歧视的传统观念难以消解;涉外收养对象在很长一段时期里缺乏有效的管理,许多弃婴由于多种多样的原因失去了获得有效救治的时机,甚至失去了回归家庭的机会,太多大龄残疾儿童在机构荒废余生,在收养程序、监管体制上的缺失也导致了一些完成涉外送养的对象与送养机构长期失联,在与家庭融合阶段遇到极大的困难。本研究建立在对其他国家及地区的涉外收养研究的基础上,借鉴先进的涉外收养管理经验,采取实证研究的方法,对常熟市儿童福利院的涉外收养管理问题进行调查、分析,并运用访谈、实证等手段对现有管理状况形成系统化的调研,通过查阅文献、期刊、专著等资料,向优秀典型福利机构讨教经验。参照我市涉外收养的实际情况,形成经验启示,把握常熟市儿童福利院涉外收养发展特点和规律,探索其发展的趋势和存在的问题,并提出解决的对策和建议,通过加强涉外收养对象的救助管理,健全养育模式、开展全面康复、倡导亲情化教育,并增强涉外收养对象社会化程序等方式来有效管理收养对象;通过优化机构的硬件设置、侧重以人为本的管理体系、科学设置岗位等多种手段来促进职工职业素养的提高,增进各区域、部门间的通力合作,来规范管理涉外送养机构;通过扩大收养对象的范围、规范涉外送养的程序、健全资格审核制度、以及系统化回访制度来规范涉外送养管理的程序;通过落实涉外收养的法律法规、健全事后追踪体系来健全涉外收养管理监督管理体制,进而达到更全面地了解整个国家的涉外收养状况、为解决中国涉外收养问题提供参考的目的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economic globalization and the process of China's reform and opening up, the connection between China and the world is becoming more and more close. The exchange of political, economic and cultural exchanges between countries is increasingly frequent, and the issue of foreign adoption in welfare homes, as a special subject in the international development trend, has gradually been put on the agenda by some countries. On the one hand, it is closed. On the other hand, it connects the international relations between the adoptive countries and the adoptive countries. On the other hand, as a large feeding country, China should pay more attention to the adoption management of children's welfare homes, which is of decisive significance to the realization of the rights of children. The study of Changshou City is of great significance. The management of foreign adoption, to a certain extent, enriches the related theories of foreign adoptions, and helps to further promote the development and improvement of relevant theories on foreign adoption management in our city. It is beneficial to further promoting the healthy development of the orphaned children in Changshou City, which is more conducive to the protection of the legitimate interests of abandoned infants and the realization of the interests of orphans and disabled children. By summing up the course of the adoption management of the Changshou City children's welfare home, this paper selects the foreign adoption management of the Changshou City children's welfare home as the object of research, and combines the successful experience at home and abroad, and uses the relevant theories to make a thorough study of the appearance of the adoption management of Changshou City's foreign adoption and the deficiency in the process of development. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of abandoned and orphaned children and the basic rights of the children of abandoned and orphaned children in Changshou City, the social disadvantaged groups who have lost their parents and families and have no self-protection ability return to their families, so that they have the same life as normal children. The right to save, develop and protect the right to live and grow in a warm family. Because the family with parental care can create an environment for its comprehensive and coordinated development of the body and mind. At the same time, the health care system of the adoptive country is perfect, the level of medical technology is developed, and the adoptive family is in good general economic conditions, and the adoptive father is the adoptive father. The higher educational level of the mother has also made some disabled children who are not effectively treated in the country to receive rehabilitation treatment in the adoptive country and live and grow as normal children. In addition, through cooperation with foreign adoptive organizations and families, it deepens mutual understanding and enhances the friendship between the recipient countries and the feeding countries, which are adopted. Children also become friendly ambassadors and cultural disseminators of Chinese and foreign folk exchanges. Therefore, the adoption of foreign adoptions is not only conducive to the growth of orphans and disabled children and the coordinated development of body and mind, but also conducive to communication and communication between countries. The rapid development of economy and culture, Changshou City gradually integrated into the key period of the whole social transformation, and the rest of the world. Opportunities for contact and cooperation are increasing. As an important symbol of economic and cultural development, children's welfare homes have also been greatly developed in Changshu. The hardware facilities of the welfare homes have been improved and the scientific level of management has been improved. Meanwhile, the situation of receiving and feeding has also changed greatly. The welfare homes have been received. The number of children is growing, and the overall conditions of the recipient are obviously superior to those of the adopters. This plays an active role in the physical and mental development of children, the healthy development of the future and the establishment of a harmonious Changshu. However, there are many problems to be solved in the management of foreign adoptions in Changshou City children's welfare homes, such as institutions. The internal authority is not clear, the main body of adoption is narrow, the traditional concept of discrimination against disabled children is difficult to eliminate; the foreign adoptive objects lack effective management for a long period of time. Many abandoned infants lose the opportunity to get effective treatment for a variety of reasons, and even lose the opportunity to return to the family, too many old ages. The handicapped children have been abandoned in institutions for the rest of their lives. The lack of adoption procedures and supervision system has also led to a long loss of connection between the objects and the feeding institutions. This study is based on the study of other countries and regions, and on the basis of the advanced foreign adoption management. Taking the method of empirical research, this paper makes an investigation and Analysis on the problems of foreign adoption management in Changshou City children's Welfare Institute, and uses interviews and empirical methods to form a systematic survey on the existing management situation. By consulting the literature, periodicals, monographs and other materials, it teaches the typical welfare institutions of excellent show. Reference is made to the adoption of foreign adoptions in our city. The actual situation, the formation of experience enlightenment, grasp the characteristics and laws of the development of the Changshou City children's welfare home, explore the development trend and the existing problems, and put forward solutions and suggestions, through strengthening the assistance management of the foreign adoptive objects, improving the nurturing model, opening up comprehensive rehabilitation, advocating affectionate education, and strengthening foreign income collection. In order to effectively manage the adoption object, such as the socialization procedure of the object of raising the object, by optimizing the hardware setting of the organization, focusing on the people-oriented management system, and setting up the posts scientifically to promote the improvement of the professional attainment of the staff and workers, and to promote the cooperation between the various regions and the departments, to standardize the management of the foreign-related feeding institutions; and by expanding the adoption object. We should standardize the procedures for foreign feeding, improve the system of qualification examination and systematized return visit system to standardize the procedures for the management of Foreign-related Adoption. Through the implementation of the laws and regulations of foreign adoptions and the improvement of the post tracking system, the system of supervision and management of foreign adoption management should be improved so as to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the foreign adoption status of the whole country. The purpose of this study is to provide reference for China's adoption of foreign related issues.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D632.1

【参考文献】