地方政府利益的二重性矛盾冲突及协调

发布时间：2018-06-10 13:20

本文选题：地方政府利益 + 自利性　；参考：《南京师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：与克思和恩格斯的利益冲哭理论告诉我们,人类的一切活动都是为了利益,所以说人们所奋斗的一切都与他们的利益有关。既然利益是社会活动的根源,那么政府作为一个实体,也有其利益诉求,而且,从根本上说,政府主体也是由基本的人员组成,所以政府利益是客观存在的。但是,政府是一个特殊的利益主体,因为政府从根本上说是一个服务行的机构,是为了整个社会和国家的发展,保障人民的利益而存在的,其本质的利益追求应当是建立在全社会利益实现的基础上的。政府是一个“公共人”,其追求的利益就是公共利益,是一个为全民谋福祉的主体。然而,事实证明,政府也是一个“经济人”,也有他自身的利益诉求,为自己谋取一定的福利。我国是地域辽阔,人口众多的国家,因此政府在管理上存在一定的难度,因此,地方政府的作用就凸显出来,国家的发展离不开地方的发展,地方的发展离不开当地政府的有效治理。因此,研究地方政府的治理就有必要从地方政府利益的角度,找到地方政府有效治理的路径。随着我国社会经济的转型发展,地方政府的地位也发生了一些改变,中央对地方政府的权限划分,资源分配等方面也进行了不断地探索和调整。因为,地方政府一方面是公共利益的代表,要以整个社会的利益为准绳,为地区的发展出谋划策,为人民谋取更多的福利；而另一方面,地方政府同样也具有“经济人”的特性,当然要想实现自身的利益,但是在其自利性的驱使下,加上地方政府权力的扩大,很容易造成地方政府在发展自身利益的同时无视甚至损害整体的利益,当对权力的监督不够完善的时候,地方政府更容易滋生各种腐败行为,甚至打着发展地区利益的旗号,截取各种资源,无视当地人民的生存发展。所以,地方政府这种利益冲突的存在,为我们研究地方政府利益提供了基础。当前,我国各种社会问题频发,其最根本的原因就是政府没有发挥好其正确的作用,地方政府在治理的过程中没有真正明确好自身的职责,过度地追求自身利益的实现,忽视其公共性的一面。因此,需要地方政府实现公共性,做到善治,就需要从两个方面来进行：一方面,满足地方政府的合理利益诉求,让地方政府的合理的权限范围内追求自身利益的实现,提高地方政府治理的积极性,有更大的动力来实现公共利益；另一方面,就必须要对地方政府的不正当利益进行规范,遏制其自利性的扩张。从而改善地方政府的治理模式,达到善治的目的。故本文希望通过对地方政府利益的研究,为地方政府实现有效的治理提出一些看法,也希望我们的政府不断改革创新,做到公共性与自利性的协调。
[Abstract]:The theory of crying in the interest of Keith and Engels tells us that all human activities are for the benefit, so what people strive for is related to their interests. Since interest is the root of social activities, the government, as an entity, also has its interests, and, fundamentally speaking, the main body of government is also composed of basic personnel, so the interests of the government exist objectively. However, the government is a special body of interest, because it is fundamentally a service provider and exists for the sake of the development of the whole society and the country and the protection of the interests of the people. The essence of the pursuit of interest should be based on the realization of the interests of the whole society. The government is a "public person" whose interest is the public interest and the main body for the welfare of the whole people. However, facts have proved that the government is also an "economic man" and has its own interests and interests to obtain certain benefits for itself. China is a country with a vast territory and a large population, so there are some difficulties in the management of the government. Therefore, the role of the local government is highlighted. The development of the country cannot be separated from the development of the local government. Local development can not be separated from the effective governance of the local government. Therefore, it is necessary to study the governance of local government from the angle of interests of local government to find the path of effective governance of local government. With the development of social economy in our country, the status of local government has also changed, and the central government has been constantly exploring and adjusting the division of local government authority and the distribution of resources. This is because, on the one hand, local governments are the representatives of the public interest, they must take the interests of the whole society as the yardstick, and they should make plans for the development of the region and seek more welfare for the people; on the other hand, Local governments also have the characteristics of "economic man". Of course, they want to realize their own interests, but driven by their self-interest, they add to the expansion of local government power. It is easy to cause local governments to ignore or even damage the overall interests while developing their own interests. When the supervision of power is not perfect, local governments are more likely to breed corruption of all kinds, even in the name of developing regional interests. Intercept all kinds of resources and ignore the survival and development of the local people. Therefore, the existence of conflicts of interest of local governments provides a basis for us to study the interests of local governments. At present, the most fundamental reason for the frequent occurrence of various social problems in China is that the government has not played its correct role, the local government has not really clearly defined its own responsibilities in the process of governance, and has excessively pursued the realization of its own interests. Ignore its public side. Therefore, it is necessary for the local government to achieve publicity and good governance from two aspects: on the one hand, to satisfy the reasonable interests of the local government, and to allow the local government to pursue the realization of its own interests within the scope of its reasonable competence. On the other hand, it is necessary to regulate the improper interests of local governments and curb the expansion of self-interest. In order to improve the governance model of local governments, to achieve the goal of good governance. Therefore, this paper hopes to put forward some views for the effective governance of local government through the study of the interests of local governments, and also hopes that our government will constantly reform and innovate, and achieve the coordination of publicity and self-interest.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630

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