县级政府公共危机管理能力提升研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 06:20

本文选题：县级政府 + 公共危机管理　；参考：《贵州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国经济快速发展和社会改革深化,社会风险不断增加,各种潜在的社会矛盾凸显,在追求经济发展的同时,由于经济增长方式比较粗放,付出了大量消耗有限自然资源和破坏生态环境的沉重代价,人们生存的自然环境每况愈下,因此,各种自然灾害、公共卫生事件、社会安全等公共危机频频发生。对于公共危机管理,县级政府处在承上启下的关键环节,承担着发展经济、保障民生、维护稳定的重要职责,是公共危机预警、预防、处置最直接的行政机关,在及时有效处理公共危机事件上扮演着非常重要的角色。因此,县级政府公共危机管理能力水平直接影响着政府的执政能力和政府公信力。虽然目前全国大多数县级政府对公共危机管理的重视程度越来越高,也在努力构建长效且可持续的公共危机管理机制,以有效应对频发的公共危机。但是,总体来看,县级政府在公共危机管理上基础较薄弱,理论和实践上不够成熟和完善,能力方面尚有欠缺,存在公共危机监测、预警机制不健全,信息传送渠道不畅通,缺乏专业的危机管理人员等问题,由此可见,提升县级政府公共危机管理能力是当前政府管理面临的重大挑战。本文研究采用文献法、案例分析法、比较分析法等研究方法,运用公共危机管理、公共管理相关理论,从构建有效的县级政府公共危机管理体系的角度,以点带面研究分析县级政府在公共危机管理预防、处置、恢复全过程存在的问题和原因,借鉴美国、日本国外先进国家经验和上海、北京国内发达城市较成熟的做法,梳理对县级政府公共危机管理能力提升有益的启示,提出了县级政府如何提升公共危机管理能力的对策建议。研究得出应从以下几个方面着手健全完善公共危机管理体系,提升县级政府公共危机管理能力:通过加强对公众和政府干部公共危机意识的培养,提升政府和公众面对公共危机时的处理能力和预防能力;建立高效的沟通机制,实现公共危机发生前的有效评估预警和监测,提升危机预警能力;完善健全相关法律法规,为公共危机管理提供法制化保障;进一步加大财政投入、搭建互助圈等提升公共危机管理的资源配置能力;借鉴国外先进地区经验,鼓励非政府组织参与公共危机管理,成为参与公共危机管理的重要辅助力量;健全完善公共危机善后处理机制,提升危机善后能力。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of our economy and the deepening of social reform, social risks have been increasing, and various potential social contradictions have been highlighted. While pursuing economic development, the mode of economic growth is relatively extensive. With the heavy cost of consuming limited natural resources and destroying the ecological environment, the natural environment of people is getting worse and worse. Therefore, many kinds of public crises such as natural disasters, public health events, social security and so on occur frequently. With regard to public crisis management, the county level government is the most direct administrative organ for early warning, prevention and disposal of public crises, taking on the important responsibility of developing the economy, safeguarding the people's livelihood, and maintaining stability. In the timely and effective handling of public crisis events play a very important role. Therefore, the level of public crisis management ability of county-level government directly affects the government's ruling ability and government's credibility. Although most county-level governments in China pay more and more attention to public crisis management, they are also trying to build a long-term and sustainable public crisis management mechanism to effectively cope with frequent public crises. On the whole, however, the county-level government has a weak foundation in the management of public crisis, is not mature and perfect in theory and practice, and has a lack of capacity, such as public crisis monitoring, imperfect early-warning mechanism, and lack of smooth channels for information transmission. Lack of professional crisis management personnel, it can be seen that improving the county government public crisis management capacity is a major challenge to the current government management. This paper adopts the methods of literature, case analysis, comparative analysis and so on, and applies the theories of public crisis management and public management to construct an effective county-level government's public crisis management system from the point of view of constructing an effective county-level government's public crisis management system. To study and analyze the problems and reasons of county government in the whole process of public crisis management, prevention, disposal and recovery, and to learn from the experience of advanced countries in the United States and Japan and the more mature practices of developed cities in Shanghai and Beijing. Combing the beneficial enlightenment to the county government's public crisis management ability, the author puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions on how to improve the county government's public crisis management ability. It is concluded that the public crisis management system should be perfected from the following aspects, and the ability of public crisis management of county government should be improved: through strengthening the cultivation of public crisis consciousness of the public and government cadres, To enhance the ability of the government and the public to deal with and prevent public crises; to establish an efficient communication mechanism to realize the effective assessment, early warning and monitoring of public crises before the occurrence of public crises; to improve the ability of early warning of crises; to improve and improve relevant laws and regulations; To provide legal guarantee for public crisis management; to further increase financial investment and build mutual aid circles to enhance the capacity of resource allocation for public crisis management; to learn from the experience of advanced foreign regions, and to encourage non-governmental organizations to participate in public crisis management. To become an important auxiliary force to participate in the management of public crisis, perfect and perfect the mechanism of dealing with the aftermath of public crisis, and enhance the ability of dealing with the aftermath of the crisis.
【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D63

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