我国失独家庭扶助制度研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 01:22

本文选题：失独家庭 + 国家扶助　；参考：《浙江工商大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：独生子女政策抑制了人口的爆炸式增长,但另一方面,对严格执行独生子女政策后子女却意外伤残或死亡的家庭更是付出了惨痛的代价,失独家庭的诉求逐渐成为社会热点。本文分四部分系统阐述失独家庭的扶助问题。第一部分:从两个方面阐述失独家庭的政府扶助义务。一方面,失独群体面临着各种困境一精神创伤、养老担忧、经济困难、婚姻关系危机等等。另一方面,基于特别牺牲理论、风险社会理论、国家责任论、平等权理论四个视角为国家扶助失独家庭提供理论依据。第二部分:从四个方面分析我国失独家庭国家扶助的现状及问题。第一,失独家庭扶助制度的发展历程概括为三个阶段:国家扶助制度的初期、特别扶助制度的确立、特别扶助制度的发展。第二,概括中央层面失独家庭扶助制度的不足:失独家庭扶助制度依据单一化、缺少对失独家庭养老问题扶助的系统性规定、扶助对象范围太窄、失独家庭扶助制度缺乏完整的框架、扶助对象认定程序的不科学。第三,从精神抚慰、养老方面、扶助金方面、扶助范围上比较失独家庭的地方扶助方案。第四,归纳总结出地方扶助失独家庭存在的不足,包括政府信息公开和宣传不到位、地方特别扶助标准差异大、养老问题突出、精神抚慰和心理疏导欠缺、政策的衔接问题、利益表达机制的欠缺。第三部分:总结出扶助失独家庭的措施。依托《计划生育特殊家庭扶助条例》建构法律保障框架;以社会团体作为利益表达渠道;在处理好《慈善法》与《社会救助暂行办法》衔接的同时以慈善救助为补充保障机制。第四部分:针对失独家庭的特殊性,提出《计划生育特殊家庭扶助条例》的完善重点。第一,优化扶助对象认定程序、范围和扶助金。第二,完善养老措施和精神慰藉方式。第三,重视社会力量的参与。第四,加强对扶助制度实施的监督。
[Abstract]:The one-child policy inhibits the explosive growth of the population, but on the other hand, the families who have accidental disability or death after the strict implementation of the one-child policy have paid a painful price, and the demand for the lost family has gradually become a hot spot. This article is divided into four parts to explain the assistance problem of the single family. The first part: from two On the one hand, on the one hand, the lost group faces various difficulties, such as mental trauma, pension worry, economic difficulties, marriage crisis and so on. On the other hand, based on the theory of special sacrifice, the theory of risk society, the theory of state responsibility, the theory of equality right four perspectives provide the theory for the state to help the lost family. The second part is to analyze the status and problems of China's independent family support from four aspects. First, the development course of the system is summarized as three stages: the early stage of the state support system, the establishment of the special assistance system, and the development of the system. Second. Foot: unitary family support system based on a single system, the lack of systematic provisions for the support of the old-age problem for the lost family, the scope of support is too narrow, the independent family support system lacks a complete framework, support the object identification procedure is unscientific. Third, from the spiritual comfort, pension aspects, assistance funds, support the scope of the less alone families Local assistance program. Fourth, summed up the shortcomings of local support for the family lost independence, including government information publicity and publicity is not in place, the local special support standard difference is big, the old-age problem is outstanding, the spiritual comfort and psychological counseling lack, the policy connection problem, the lack of interest expression mechanism. The third part: summarizes the help loss exclusive. The measures of the court. Relying on the regulations of the family planning special family planning for family planning, constructing the legal guarantee framework, taking social groups as the means of interest expression, and taking charitable assistance as supplementary safeguard mechanism while dealing with the connection between the charity law and the temporary measures for social assistance. The fourth part: in view of the particularity of the lost family, the special family of family planning is put forward. First, optimize the identification procedure, scope and assistance of the support object. Second, improve the old-age measures and spiritual comfort. Third, pay attention to the participation of social forces. Fourth, strengthen the supervision of the implementation of the support system.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D632.1

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