我国第三部门公共治理权研究

发布时间：2018-07-09 09:33

本文选题：第三部门 + 公共治理权　；参考：《重庆大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自改革开放以来,我国的社会制度和社会结构在经济发展的澎湃浪潮中发生着剧烈的变革。在这个过程中,不仅政府与企业的关系发生了前所未有的变化,还出现了与政府、市场主体相并立的第三部门这一社会主体,并且随着政府职能的转变,第三部门在社会管理中行使着越来越多的公共治理权。根据现有的学术研究和实务规则来看,在“国家-社会-市场”的结构背景下,我们对初现端倪的公共治理(公共行政)和公共权力的关注显然不够,公共治理权的相关法律问题亟待思考与探讨。在借鉴社会学、政治学、经济学、组织学、公共管理学乃至哲学、法理学等学科知识和研究的基础上,笔者试图从我国公法特别是行政法的角度对此作出初步尝试。本文共包括四个部分,分别是绪论(含有关第三部门的基本问题)、对我国第三部门公共治理权的本体考察、我国第三部门公共治理权的现状及相关建议、结语。其中,绪论部分独立成章,笔者对选题背景、国内外研究现状、本论文题的探索意义、尝试的研究方法和有关第三部门的基本问题做了相应介绍;第二部分是全文的核心问题所在,笔者将其分成三个板块,并从五个方面对我国第三部门的公共治理权予以本体考察,具体包括其涵义及权力来源、法律性质与特征以及该权力的正当性分析;第三部分是从社会实践的外部视角对该权力的运行现状及相关原因进行了理论探讨,并就制度设计方面,笔者提出了一些浅见作为建议;在最后的结语部分,笔者对该问题进行了相应的总结归纳。综合分析后可知,我国第三部门的公共治理权是我国第三部门在社会活动中,对公共事务进行管理的权力,包括国家准行政权力和社会公行政权力。不是所有的第三部门都同时具有该权力的全部内容,在第三部门进行不同活动的过程中,其法律性质因所行使权力的具体来源而不同。我国第三部门公共治理权的权力来源主要有两种:国家授权或委托,以及成员间契约。与之相应,有前者来源的公共治理权具有行政权的性质,有后者来源的则是与社会公行政相关的公共权力,具有效力上的有限性和功能上的双重性的特征。其正当性具体表现在:行政分权与行政权的一般发展规律相符,行政分权符合我国行政权的发展趋势;社会公行政有利于民主化的推进,社会公行政有利于公共治理效率的提高。基于我国特殊的社会背景,政府在处理与第三部门的关系时拧巴别扭不顺畅,造成公共治理权存在权力内容欠明确、运行不规范、该有的正常监督缺位等情况。对此,如何理顺政府与第三部门的关系成为制度设计上需考虑的首要问题。具体而言,从法律规则层面上说,要明确第三部门公共治理权的内容;从实践运行层面上说,要加快转变政府职能,从多方面对第三部门公共治理权的运行与监督进行规范。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's social system and social structure have undergone drastic changes in the surging tide of economic development. In this process, not only the relationship between government and enterprises has undergone unprecedented changes, but also the third sector, which stands side by side with the government and the main body of the market, has emerged, and with the transformation of government functions, The third sector is exercising more and more public governance power in social management. In the light of existing academic research and practical rules, in the context of the "State-social-market" structure, it is clear that our focus on emerging public governance (public administration) and public power is inadequate. The related legal problems of public administration right need to be considered and discussed urgently. On the basis of learning from the knowledge and research of sociology, politics, economics, organization, public management and even philosophy and jurisprudence, the author tries to make a preliminary attempt from the angle of public law, especially administrative law. This paper consists of four parts, which are the introduction (including the basic problems of the third sector), the Noumenon investigation of the third sector's public governance right, the present situation and relevant suggestions of the third sector's public governance right, and the conclusion. Among them, the introduction part of the independent chapters, the author selected the background, domestic and foreign research status, the significance of the topic of this paper, try to research methods and related to the third sector of the basic issues made a corresponding introduction; The second part is the core problem of the full text, the author divides it into three sections, and from five aspects of the third sector of public governance rights to be ontologically investigated, including its meaning and power sources, The third part discusses the current situation and related reasons of the power from the external perspective of social practice, and discusses the system design of the power, the third part is the analysis of the legal nature and characteristics as well as the legitimacy of the power. The third part discusses the current situation and related reasons of the power from the external perspective of social practice. In the last part of the conclusion, the author summarizes the problem. After comprehensive analysis, we can know that the power of public administration in the third sector of our country is the power to manage public affairs in the social activities of the third sector of our country, including the quasi-administrative power of the state and the public administrative power of the society. Not all the third departments have all the contents of the power at the same time. In the process of carrying out different activities in the third sector, the legal nature of the third sector varies according to the specific source of the power exercised. There are two kinds of power sources of public governance power in the third sector of our country: state authorization or entrustment, and contract between members. Accordingly, the public governance power from the former source has the nature of administrative power, while the latter comes from the public power related to the social public administration, which has the characteristics of limited validity and dual function. Its legitimacy is embodied in the following aspects: administrative decentralization accords with the general law of development of administrative power, administrative decentralization accords with the development trend of administrative power in our country, and social public administration is conducive to the promotion of democratization. Public administration is conducive to improving the efficiency of public governance. Based on the special social background of our country, the relationship between the government and the third sector is not smooth, resulting in the lack of clear power content, irregular operation and the absence of normal supervision. Therefore, how to straighten out the relationship between the government and the third sector has become the most important issue in the system design. Specifically, from the level of legal rules, it is necessary to make clear the content of the third sector's public governance right, to speed up the transformation of government functions, and to standardize the operation and supervision of the third sector's public governance right from various aspects.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630

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