政府主导、地方政府竞争与城乡收入差距——基于面板分位数模型的经验证据

发布时间：2018-07-09 14:36

本文选题：政府主导 + 地方政府竞争　；参考：《中国人口科学》2017年06期

【摘要】：文章基于中国经济增长的特征事实,对政府主导、地方政府竞争影响城乡收入差距的制度背景和理论机制进行梳理,并采用面板分位数回归模型进行实证考察。研究发现:(1)中国式分权改革中形成的"增长型激励"导致地方政府主导辖区经济增长,这一经济特征通过资源配置和经济政策的城镇偏向扩大了城乡收入差距;(2)地方政府为发展辖区经济而展开竞争,引导外商直接投资向城镇和非农产业集聚,城乡收入差距也因此而加大;(3)政府主导、地方政府竞争对城乡收入差距的影响轨迹均呈明显的倒"U"形;(4)政府主导与地方政府竞争的协同效应可以显著缩小城乡收入差距,即政府主导会降低地方政府竞争对城乡收入差距影响的边际贡献,同样地方政府竞争也会降低政府主导对城乡收入差距影响的边际贡献。因此,缩小城乡收入差距、实现城乡共享发展必须对地方政府行为做出制度规范和激励约束。
[Abstract]:Based on the characteristic facts of China's economic growth, this paper combs the institutional background and theoretical mechanism of government-led and local government competition affecting the urban-rural income gap, and makes an empirical investigation with panel quantile regression model. The results are as follows: (1) the "growth-type incentive" formed in the reform of decentralization in China leads to the economic growth of the local government-dominated areas. This economic feature widens the urban-rural income gap through resource allocation and the urban bias of economic policies; (2) Local governments compete for the development of the economy in their jurisdictions, leading foreign direct investment to agglomeration in towns and non-agricultural industries. As a result, the urban-rural income gap also increases; (3) the influence of local government competition on the urban-rural income gap is obviously inverted "U" shape; (4) the synergistic effect of government-led and local government competition can significantly reduce the urban-rural income gap. That is, the local government competition will reduce the marginal contribution of the local government competition to the urban-rural income gap, and the local government competition will also reduce the marginal contribution to the urban-rural income gap. Therefore, to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas and to achieve urban-rural shared development, we must make institutional norms and incentive constraints on the behavior of local governments.
【作者单位】：西北大学经济管理学院;
【分类号】：D630;F124.7

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