服刑人员未成年子女社会救助政策研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 12:30

本文选题：服刑人员 + 未成年子女　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：因父母犯罪入狱服刑,服刑人员未成年子女的正常生活也因此受到影响。经济支持和情感慰藉部分丧失或者完全丧失使他们更容易产生不健康心理和社会排斥行为。他们作为一个弱势群体需要社会给予救助,然而我国现有救助政策并未能很好发挥效用帮助他们走出困境和健康成长。从法律制度上来看,我国现行法律在服刑人员未成年子女权利保护和救助方面还处于缺位运行状态,制度建设尚处在“无法可依”的窘境。这就导致了在救助过程中相关责任部门可能出现互相推诿,救助力度不到位等问题。另外,民间机构在参与服刑人员未成年子女社会救助过程中因缺少法律认可,也使得他们在对服刑人员未成年子女进行监护救助时处于尴尬境况。从社会福利体系来看,对服刑人员未成年子女进行社会救助是一个现代国家应尽的义务。完善的社会福利体系应该惠及到这个群体,给予他们的救助应该是包括物质和心理两方面。前者保障了他们身体的茁壮成长,后者保障了他们心理的健康成长,使他们成为身体强壮、心理健康、可以承担一定责任的社会人是给予他们救助的根本目标。本研究通过查阅相关文献以及对陕西儿童村的相关人员进行深层访谈和实地参与式观察三种方式相结合来进行研究,以社会工作视域对该弱势群体的生存现状进行分析,就目前现实状况来说,服刑人员未成年子女存在物质生活、教育和心理关怀三个主要方面的主需求。针对他们的社会救助政策也应该根据他们的需求,给予全方位、多角度救助。服刑人员未成年子女社会救助政策的制定受到一定现实条件的约束,社会文化决定了政策的内涵,经济发展水平影响政策的深入程度,与现有福利政策的良好衔接促进政策的平稳运行,而政策受众的需求则决定了政策制定的标准。本文在给出服刑人员未成年子女社会救助政策建议的时候强调以政策受众的需求为基础来制定政策,优先满足基本生存需求,给予适当的心理干预和情感满足,通过教育手段实现生存技能培养,同时加快政策制定进程,建立政策执行的监督机制,科学评估体系。就完善社会救助政策提出了以社会工作为依托的新型救助模式探索,民间机构引入更加科学的管理和项目营运,通过专业社会工作干预手段和社会工作先进理念,对服刑人员未成年子女进行“增权”,打破社会刻板印象和自我刻板印象,激发他们的潜能、提升他们的能力,实现他们的自我价值,实现对这些人群更多科学和有效的救助目标。
[Abstract]:Imprisonment for parental offences affects the normal lives of minor children. Partial or total loss of financial support and emotional comfort makes them more likely to develop unhealthy psychological and social exclusion behaviors. As a vulnerable group, they need social assistance. However, the existing rescue policies in China have not been effective enough to help them out of the predicament and grow up healthily. From the legal system point of view, the current law of our country is still in the absence of running state in the aspect of protecting and rescuing the rights of the minor children of the prisoners, and the construction of the system is still in the dilemma of "unable to abide by". This leads to the relevant responsibility departments in the rescue process may appear prevarication, rescue efforts are not in place and other problems. In addition, due to the lack of legal recognition in the process of participating in the social assistance of minor children of prisoners, civil institutions also make them in an awkward situation when they are in custody and rescue of minor children of prisoners. From the point of view of social welfare system, it is the duty of a modern country to provide social assistance to the minor children of prisoners. A sound social welfare system should benefit this group, providing them with both material and psychological assistance. The former ensures their healthy body growth, the latter ensures their mental healthy growth, and makes them become strong, mentally healthy and responsible social person is the basic goal to give them relief. Through consulting relevant documents and conducting deep interview and field participation observation of the related personnel of Shanxi Children's Village, this study analyzes the survival status of this vulnerable group from the perspective of social work. As far as the present situation is concerned, the minor children of prisoners have three main needs: material life, education and psychological care. Social assistance policies for them should also be based on their needs, give all-round, multi-angle assistance. The formulation of social assistance policy for minor children of prisoners is restricted by certain realistic conditions. Social culture determines the connotation of the policy, and the level of economic development affects the depth of the policy. The good connection with the existing welfare policy promotes the smooth operation of the policy, and the needs of the policy audience determine the standard of policy making. In this paper, when giving the policy suggestions of social assistance for minor children of prisoners, the author emphasizes that the policy should be based on the needs of the policy audience, give priority to meet the basic survival needs, and give appropriate psychological intervention and emotional satisfaction. Life skills can be cultivated by means of education, meanwhile, the process of policy making should be quickened, the supervision mechanism of policy implementation should be established, and the scientific evaluation system should be established. In order to perfect the social relief policy, this paper puts forward a new relief mode based on social work. The non-governmental organizations introduce more scientific management and project operation, through professional social work intervention means and advanced social work concept. To "empower" the minor children of prisoners, to break the social stereotype and self-stereotype, to stimulate their potential, to enhance their ability and to realize their self-worth, To achieve more scientific and effective relief for these people.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.5;D632.1

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