协商规划及其实现路径研究

发布时间：2018-07-16 08:09

【摘要】：在规划主体日益多元化、规划决策风险越来越大的今天,以政府主导的单向决策模式为主要内容的传统规划的弊端逐渐显现,走向民主规划是大势所趋。协商民主理论和实践的发展,给了我们重塑规划信心的全新思路,通过多元主体间的对话、沟通、谈判,能明显提升规划决策的质量和合法性,有效降低决策风险,有助于达到良善的规划治理。本文关于协商规划的研究主要集中在三个方面：第一,对协商规划理论进行了研究,在梳理协商规划理论基础的前提下,明晰了协商规划理论的由来,探讨了协商规划的内涵及特征,并讨论了协商规划的价值伦理。协商民主理论、沟通规划理论等为协商规划理论提供了坚实的理论基础,协商规划是对参与式规划、沟通规划等以往规划的突破性发展；关于什么是协商规划的问题,笔者认为协商规划就是为达成关于规划的科学决策,取得良善的规划治理效果,在遵循一定原则的前提下,通过协商机制,在多元主体间达成共识的过程；协商规划主要有多元性、平等性、公开性、权威性、包容性等特征。第二,我国已有的协商实践是协商规划应用的本土优势,本文对我国规划实践中存在的协商机制进行了梳理和分析,并探讨了当前存在的协商困境,认为造成这种困境的主要原因包括法律保障不到位、政府作用没有充分发挥、公民的协商意识和能力较低以及协商经验不足等。第三,辨明了协商规划与当前中国规划实践之间的关系,首先站在历史的角度,认为由统治走向协商是规划历史发展的应有之义,其次通过比较的视角,阐释了西方协商实践经验及其启示,再次,对协商规划在我国的体制、文化、社会等方面的适应性和制约性因素进行了分析,最后,提出了在我国推进协商规划的路径选择,主要包括构建本土化的规划理论体系、充分调动各类协商资源、完善规划协商的保障机制以及进行协商规划工具的创新几个方面。通过以上分析,可以得出结论,那就是协商规划在中国当前的规划治理中可以发挥重要的功能作用,不仅要在理论上加以引介和创新,还要在实践中加以运用。在肯定协商规划巨大作用的同时,也需要指出,作为全新的规划视角,协商规划目前还没有形成系统化的理论体系,同时,规划毕竟有技术性的面孔,协商并不能替代规划中的技术要素,因此,我们可以将协商看作是规划决策的重要方面。
[Abstract]:With the increasing diversification of planning subjects and the increasing risk of planning decision-making, the disadvantages of traditional planning, which mainly consists of the government-led one-way decision-making mode, gradually appear, and it is the trend of the times to move towards democratic planning. The development of the theory and practice of deliberative democracy has given us a new way to rebuild our confidence in planning. Through dialogue, communication and negotiation among multiple subjects, we can obviously enhance the quality and legitimacy of planning decisions and effectively reduce the risk of decision-making. Help to achieve good planning governance. This paper mainly focuses on three aspects: first, the theory of negotiation planning is studied. On the premise of combing the theoretical basis of negotiation planning, the origin of the theory of negotiation planning is clarified. This paper discusses the connotation and characteristics of negotiation planning, and discusses the value ethics of negotiation planning. The theory of deliberative democracy and the theory of communication planning provide a solid theoretical basis for the theory of consultative planning. Consultation planning is a breakthrough in the past planning, such as participatory planning, communication planning, and so on. The author believes that consultation planning is the process of reaching consensus among multiple subjects under the premise of following certain principles and through consultation mechanism in order to reach scientific decision on planning and achieve good planning governance effect. Consultation planning is characterized by pluralism, equality, openness, authoritativeness and inclusiveness. Second, the existing consultation practice in China is the local advantage of the application of negotiation planning. This paper combs and analyzes the consultation mechanism existing in the planning practice of our country, and probes into the current negotiation dilemma. The main reasons for this dilemma include the lack of legal protection, the lack of full play of the role of the government, the low awareness and ability of consultation among citizens, and the lack of consultation experience and so on. Thirdly, it distinguishes the relationship between the consultation planning and the current planning practice in China. Firstly, from the historical point of view, the author thinks that from the ruling to the consultation is the proper meaning of planning historical development, and then through the perspective of comparison. This paper explains the practical experience of western negotiation and its enlightenment. Thirdly, it analyzes the adaptability and restrictive factors of negotiation planning in China's system, culture, society and so on. Finally, it puts forward the path choice to promote consultation planning in our country. It mainly includes the construction of the localization planning theory system, the full mobilization of all kinds of negotiation resources, the perfection of the guarantee mechanism of planning consultation and the innovation of consultation planning tools. Through the above analysis, we can draw a conclusion that negotiation planning can play an important role in China's current planning governance, not only to introduce and innovate in theory, but also to apply it in practice. While affirming the great role of consultation planning, it is also necessary to point out that as a new perspective of planning, consultation planning has not yet formed a systematic theoretical system. At the same time, planning has a technical face after all. Negotiation is not a substitute for technical elements in planning, so we can regard negotiation as an important aspect of planning decision.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D035

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