拉斯韦尔的政策科学:设想、争论及对中国的启示
发布时间：2018-07-17 17:06
【摘要】：拉斯韦尔是政策科学的鼻祖,他最先倡导"政策取向"的研究,这也使得政策科学成为一门独立的学科。他将政策过程作为政策科学研究的对象,并且认为通过知识改进政策过程可以从两个方面着手,一是提升政策过程的知识,二是提升政策过程中的知识。拉斯韦尔所设想的政策科学,具有四个独特的特征:情景性、问题取向、技术整合和独特的身份意识,这进一步刻画了政策科学的图景。正是这些设想,产生了广泛的争论。在这些争论中,至少存在三个方面分歧:政策科学是否应该遵循问题取向?政策科学是否应该实现民主价值?政策科学是否应该注重情景?拉斯韦尔的遗产和争论,对于建设有中国特色的政策科学有很重要的启示和借鉴意义。从拉斯韦尔的政策科学视野看,中国的政策科学至少应该在如下几个方面进行努力:政策科学回应中国发展战略、政策科学提升政策实践、政策科学知识体系建构、政策科学学科体系和人才培育、政策分析人员自身的身份认同。
[Abstract]:Raswell was the originator of policy science. He first advocated the research of policy orientation, which made policy science an independent subject. He regards the policy process as the object of the policy science research, and thinks that the policy process can be improved from two aspects, one is to enhance the knowledge of the policy process, the other is to enhance the knowledge in the policy process. The policy science envisaged by Raswell has four unique characteristics: situational, problem-oriented, technical integration and unique identity consciousness, which further depict the picture of policy science. It was these ideas that gave rise to widespread debate. In these debates, there are at least three differences: should policy science follow the problem orientation? Should policy science realize democratic values? Should policy science focus on scenarios? Raswell's legacy and controversy have important implications for the construction of policy science with Chinese characteristics. From the perspective of Raswell's policy science, China's policy science should at least make efforts in the following aspects: policy science responds to China's development strategy, policy science promotes policy practice, and policy science knowledge system is constructed. The discipline system of policy science and the cultivation of talents, and the identity of policy analysts themselves.
【作者单位】： 中国人民大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金“地方治理体系与治理能力的影响因素、改革路径与治理效果”(编号:71633004) 中国人民大学“统筹推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设”专项经费(编号:15XNL001)
【分类号】：D035
本文编号：2130328
[Abstract]:Raswell was the originator of policy science. He first advocated the research of policy orientation, which made policy science an independent subject. He regards the policy process as the object of the policy science research, and thinks that the policy process can be improved from two aspects, one is to enhance the knowledge of the policy process, the other is to enhance the knowledge in the policy process. The policy science envisaged by Raswell has four unique characteristics: situational, problem-oriented, technical integration and unique identity consciousness, which further depict the picture of policy science. It was these ideas that gave rise to widespread debate. In these debates, there are at least three differences: should policy science follow the problem orientation? Should policy science realize democratic values? Should policy science focus on scenarios? Raswell's legacy and controversy have important implications for the construction of policy science with Chinese characteristics. From the perspective of Raswell's policy science, China's policy science should at least make efforts in the following aspects: policy science responds to China's development strategy, policy science promotes policy practice, and policy science knowledge system is constructed. The discipline system of policy science and the cultivation of talents, and the identity of policy analysts themselves.
【作者单位】： 中国人民大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金“地方治理体系与治理能力的影响因素、改革路径与治理效果”(编号:71633004) 中国人民大学“统筹推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设”专项经费(编号:15XNL001)
【分类号】：D035
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