石化企业突发事件应急管理能力评价研究

发布时间：2018-08-03 21:30

【摘要】：突发事件具有突发性和破坏性,事件发生之前难以被察觉,容易产生重大影响。石化企业生产条件具有易燃、易爆、易腐蚀和有毒的特点,一旦发生突发事件,不仅会影响企业正常运转,还会造成人员伤亡和财产损失,石化企业突发事件应急管理相比其他企业更加紧迫,因此对石化企业的应急管理能力提出了更高要求。当前石化企业突发事件应急管理能力较之前有了较大提高,但是依然存在问题,有必要对石化企业突发事件的应急管理能力进行研究。论文在梳理国内外突发事件应急管理能力研究现状的基础上,明确论文研究内容、研究方法和技术路线。对突发事件相关理论、应急管理相关理论和突变理论进行综述,为论文研究提供理论基础。分析当前石化企业突发事件应急管理能力现状,分别从石化企业突发事件特征、石化企业应急管理能力现状和问题、石化企业应急管理能力评价存在的问题三个方面进行分析,明确当前石化企业应急管理能力评价的现状。在此基础上,总结石化企业突发事件应急管理能力指标体系的构建原则和设计思路,分析影响石化企业应急管理能力的因素,分别分析应急准备能力中的法律法规制度、培训演练、应急组织机构设置和应急预案水平因素;应急监测预警能力中的风险控制、风险识别、风险评估和预警能力因素;应急响应能力中的应急决策、现场控制、医疗救治、应急联动、专业救援队伍和应急保障因素;应急恢复能力中的恢复重建、损失评估、事后补偿和经验总结因素。采用粗糙集理论对应急响应能力中应急决策能力和专业救援队伍两个因素进行约减,采用层次分析法计算因素的重要性,确定应急管理能力评价指标体系。采用突变级数法对石化企业应急管理能力进行评价研究,以LY石化为例,对LY石化突发事件应急管理能力进行评价,并提出提升LY石化突发事件应急管理能力的策略。研究认为,采用突变级数法对应急管理能力评价是可行的。论文构建了应急管理能力评价体系,实现了对石化企业突发事件应急管理能力的评价,依据评价结果制定了提升石化企业突发事件应急管理能力的对策。
[Abstract]:Unexpected events are sudden and destructive, which are difficult to detect before they occur, and can easily have a significant impact. The production conditions of petrochemical enterprises are flammable, explosive, corrosive and toxic. Once an emergency occurs, it will not only affect the normal operation of the enterprise, but also cause casualties and property losses. Emergency management of petrochemical enterprises is more urgent than other enterprises. The ability of emergency management in petrochemical enterprises has been greatly improved, but there are still some problems. It is necessary to study the ability of emergency management in petrochemical enterprises. On the basis of combing the research status of emergency management capacity at home and abroad, this paper clarifies the research content, research methods and technical route. The related theories of emergency, emergency management and catastrophe are summarized, which provides a theoretical basis for the research of this paper. This paper analyzes the present situation of emergency management ability of petrochemical enterprises, analyzes the characteristics of emergencies in petrochemical enterprises, the present situation and problems of emergency management capability of petrochemical enterprises, and the problems existing in the evaluation of emergency management ability of petrochemical enterprises. Clear the current petrochemical enterprises emergency management capacity evaluation of the status quo. On this basis, this paper summarizes the construction principles and design ideas of the emergency management capability index system of petrochemical enterprises, analyzes the factors that affect the emergency management ability of petrochemical enterprises, and analyzes the laws and regulations in the emergency preparedness capability, respectively. Training exercises, emergency organization setting and emergency planning level factors; risk control, risk identification, risk assessment and early warning capability factors in emergency monitoring and early warning capability; emergency decision making in emergency response capability, field control, Medical treatment, emergency response, professional rescue team and emergency support factors; recovery and reconstruction of emergency recovery ability, loss assessment, ex post compensation and experience summing up factors. Rough set theory is used to reduce the two factors of emergency decision ability and professional rescue team in emergency response ability. The evaluation index system of emergency management ability is determined by using AHP to calculate the importance of factors. The sudden change series method is used to evaluate the emergency management ability of petrochemical enterprises. Taking LY petrochemical as an example, the emergency management ability of LY petrochemical emergency is evaluated, and the strategy to improve the emergency management ability of LY petrochemical emergency is put forward. It is considered that it is feasible to evaluate the ability of emergency management by using catastrophe series method. This paper constructs an evaluation system of emergency management ability, realizes the evaluation of emergency management ability of petrochemical enterprises, and formulates the countermeasures to enhance the ability of emergency management of petrochemical enterprises according to the evaluation results.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D63;F426.72

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