卢旺达的民族身份解构:反思与启示
发布时间：2018-08-05 10:37
【摘要】：卢旺达曾经是世界上为数不多的进行过民族识别并在身份文件上明确登记公民民族身份的国家之一。比利时殖民当局1933年在卢旺达进行的民族识别及随后开始执行的强调人们种族差别的民族身份登记制度是卢旺达持续几十年的冲突和纷争的重要根源之一。独立后,胡图族主导的卢旺达政府在继承过去殖民当局的民族身份登记制度的同时,也使整个国家延续了过去的民族冲突和纷争,这种冲突和纷争在1994年大屠杀中达到顶点。1994年种族大屠杀后,卢旺达新政府在深刻反思历史的基础上,废除了通行60多年的民族身份登记制度。卢旺达有关民族身份建构与解构的历程对其他多民族国家处理民族问题有一定的启示意义。
[Abstract]:Rwanda was once one of the few countries in the world to have identified and clearly registered its citizens on identity documents. The national identification carried out by the Belgian colonial authorities in Rwanda in 1933 and the subsequent implementation of the national identity registration system, which emphasizes ethnic differences, is one of the major sources of conflict and strife in Rwanda for decades. After independence, the Hutu dominated Government of Rwanda, while inheriting the national identity registration system of the former colonial authorities, also allowed the entire country to perpetuate the ethnic conflicts and strife of the past. This conflict and strife culminated in the 1994 Holocaust. After the 1994 genocide, the new Government of Rwanda, on the basis of a profound rethinking of history, abolished the national identity registration system, which had prevailed for more than 60 years. The course of constructing and deconstructing national identity in Rwanda has some enlightenment significance for other multinational countries to deal with ethnic problems.
【作者单位】： 西华师范大学政治学研究所;
【基金】：西华师范大学2013年博士启动基金项目“当代中国民族问题国际化研究”(13E015)的阶段性成果 西华师范大学基本科研业务费专项资金资助
【分类号】：C955
，
本文编号：2165542
[Abstract]:Rwanda was once one of the few countries in the world to have identified and clearly registered its citizens on identity documents. The national identification carried out by the Belgian colonial authorities in Rwanda in 1933 and the subsequent implementation of the national identity registration system, which emphasizes ethnic differences, is one of the major sources of conflict and strife in Rwanda for decades. After independence, the Hutu dominated Government of Rwanda, while inheriting the national identity registration system of the former colonial authorities, also allowed the entire country to perpetuate the ethnic conflicts and strife of the past. This conflict and strife culminated in the 1994 Holocaust. After the 1994 genocide, the new Government of Rwanda, on the basis of a profound rethinking of history, abolished the national identity registration system, which had prevailed for more than 60 years. The course of constructing and deconstructing national identity in Rwanda has some enlightenment significance for other multinational countries to deal with ethnic problems.
【作者单位】： 西华师范大学政治学研究所;
【基金】：西华师范大学2013年博士启动基金项目“当代中国民族问题国际化研究”(13E015)的阶段性成果 西华师范大学基本科研业务费专项资金资助
【分类号】：C955
，
本文编号：2165542
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