流浪儿童社会救助方式优化研究

发布时间：2018-09-07 20:55

【摘要】：流浪儿童问题是国际社会中长期存在的问题。如何使流浪儿童及时的回归家庭、回归社会是各国共同的难题。据民政部门估算现今至少有百万流浪儿童,部分学者认为其人数更多。这些流浪儿童长期得不到照顾,受到歧视有些甚至遭受打骂,长此以往使流浪儿童心理受到极大的影响,世界观、人生观认识扭曲对社会产生恨意和不满。一旦形成这种心理就很难转变,加上流浪儿童都属于未成年人无法找到工作迫于生计很容易就走上了违法犯罪的道路,给社会安定造成不良的影响。对于如何解决流浪儿童问题我国一直在探索中前进近些年也取得了一定的成就。但是在具体救助的方式上因为存在着相关法律不健全、救助站人员素质不高、社会组织参与不够、没有建立起流浪儿童预防机制等诸多原因。出现了救助站难以满足救助要求、流浪儿童难以回归社会、宣传不到位没有建立起流浪儿童信息网络等诸多问题。总结流浪儿童救助中出现的问题和收获的经验,对流浪儿童救助方式优化提出了建议,首先要确立流浪儿童预防机制,未雨绸缪,从问题源头上防止流浪儿童的产生。建立流浪儿童预防体系:完善流浪儿童救助法规、建立家庭预防机制、改善校园环境、建立社区干预机制。优化流浪儿童救助方式;在流浪儿童救助中要走社会化、专业化的道路,建立流浪儿童信息网络中心、发展“类家庭”模式的救助方式、重视流浪儿童的参与。本文主要分为以下几个部分:第一部分为导论,主要介绍选题的意义和背景以及全文的研究方法与思路。第二部分介绍我国流浪儿童的基本情况,包括我国对流浪儿童的界定,流浪儿童的数量和分布,流浪儿童产生的原因经济原因、家庭原因、学校原因、自身因素。第三部分为我国流浪儿童救助现状,介绍其流浪儿童救助保护在我国的发展。第四部分为我国流浪儿童救助方式的优化建议。要建立其流浪儿童的预防机制并优于救助方式。第五部分为总结和展望。
[Abstract]:The problem of street children is a long-standing problem in the international community. How to make street children return to their families in time and return to society is a common problem. The Civil Affairs Department estimates that there are at least a million street children today, and some scholars believe more. These street children have not been cared for a long time, some of them have been beaten and scolded by discrimination. In the long run, the psychology of street children has been greatly affected, and the distortion of world outlook and outlook on life has produced hatred and dissatisfaction to the society. Once this kind of psychology is formed, it is very difficult to change, and the street children are all minors who cannot find a job and are forced to make a living. They easily embark on the road of illegal and criminal activities, and have a bad effect on social stability. As to how to solve the problem of street children, our country has made some achievements in recent years. However, there are many reasons such as the lack of relevant laws, the poor quality of the aid station staff, the insufficient participation of social organizations and the lack of prevention mechanism for street children. There are many problems such as difficult to meet the needs of rescue stations, difficulties for street children to return to society, and lack of publicity and establishment of information network for street children and so on. This paper summarizes the problems and experiences gained in the rescue of street children, and puts forward some suggestions on how to optimize the ways of rescuing street children. Firstly, it is necessary to establish the prevention mechanism of street children, to make good preparations ahead of time, and to prevent the emergence of street children from the source of problems. To establish the prevention system of street children: to perfect the laws and regulations of relief for street children, to establish the family prevention mechanism, to improve the campus environment, and to establish the community intervention mechanism. To optimize the ways of rescuing street children, to take the way of socialization and specialization, to set up the information network center of street children, to develop the mode of "like family", and to attach importance to the participation of street children. This paper is divided into the following parts: the first part is an introduction, mainly introduces the significance and background of the topic and the research methods and ideas of the full text. The second part introduces the basic situation of street children in our country, including the definition of street children in our country, the number and distribution of street children, the economic reasons of street children, the family reasons, the school reasons and their own factors. The third part introduces the development of street children's rescue and protection in our country. The fourth part is the optimization suggestion of our country street child rescue way. To establish its street children prevention mechanism and better than the way of relief. The fifth part is the summary and prospect.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.1

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