城市基层政府与社区自治组织关系研究

发布时间：2018-09-14 18:49

【摘要】：改革开放以来伴随着市场经济的建立与完善,政治与社会领域也发生了翻天覆地的变化,国家一元化的管理格局已经打破,社会的管理重心也不断向市场与社会转移,国家与社会关系出现了国家、市场、社会三元分化新格局。在此情况下,城市社区作为国家权利重心下移的承载地,其建设与发展就显得尤为重要。在当前社会管理重心由政府向社会转移与回归的社会治理新格局的背景下,由于受传统行政管理思想与惯性模式的影响,使得城市社区建设中城市基层政府与社区自治组织关系失衡,极大的制约了我国城市社区的建设与发展,我国城市社区中不协调、不顺畅的政府与社区关系亟须得到改善。因此,基层政府与社区自治组织关系的研究就成为关系到社区自身发展,关系到城市管理体制变革有效性的关键因素。本文把基层政府与社区自治组织关系作为研究主题,一方面,由于传统长期的自上而下的行政管理模式使城市社区居民对政府过度依赖,以致于造成社区治理中政府与居民关系严重失衡,阻碍社区治理的建设与发展。另一方面,治理理论的引入以及现代城市发展的多样性与复杂性都要求基层政府与社区自治组织以一种平等、互动的方式实现真正意义上的合作互助,共同治理社区事务。本文以城市社区治理为中心,以国家与公民社会关系理论、治理理论、公民社会理论为依据,运用文献研究方法、历史观察方法和系统分析方法,把我国城市社区治理中基层政府与社区关系的历史变迁作为切入点,通过阐明基层政府和社区自治组织各自的角色和功能,找出我国社区建设中基层政府和社区自治组织之间应该具有的相互关系。在系统分析当前我国城市基层政府与社区自治组织互动关系存在的问题及原因的基础上,提出具有一定建设性和可操作性的思路与见解。文章主要从六个部分展开论述,第一部分主要介绍了本文研究的选题背景和意义、国内外研究现状、研究思路、研究方法及可能存在的创新点。第二部分对文章涉及的社区与城市社区、基层政府与社区自治组织的基本概念做了归纳与整理,同时详细说明了国家与公民社会关系理论、治理理论、公民社会理论以及其在城市社区治理中的应用,以此为基础展开论述。第三部分以历史的眼光对我国城市社区治理中基层政府与社区自治组织关系变迁做了全面梳理,从计划经济时期到改革开放初期再到社区制的探索与发展时期都做了比较详细的论述。以此找出当前基层政府与社区自治组织关系中存在问题以及问题存在的历史原因,并在此基础上为探索出适合当前我国社区发展的基层政府与社区自治组织良性关系之路引出思路。第四部分通过对现实实践中各主体现状的观察、总结与分析,指明当前城市基层政府与社区自治组织关系中存在的问题。第五部分在指出城市基层政府与社区自治组织关系存在问题基础上分析其中原因,以期为理顺基层政府与社区自治组织关系指明方向。第六部分在对当前基层政府与社区自治组织关系中存在问题及原因进行深刻反思基础上,从理念转变、制度保障、转变政府职能、发挥社区自治组织功能等层面入手,提出完善城市基层政府与社区自治组织关系的若干思路。
[Abstract]:With the establishment and improvement of the market economy since the reform and opening up, great changes have taken place in the political and social fields. The unified management pattern of the state has been broken, and the focus of social management has been shifting to the market and society. A new pattern of tripartite division of the state, market and society has emerged in the relationship between the state and society. Under the background of the new pattern of social governance in which the focus of social management shifts from the government to the society and returns to the society, the urban community, as the carrier of the downward shift of the state's rights, is particularly important for its construction and development. The unbalanced relationship between community autonomous organizations has greatly restricted the construction and development of urban communities in China. The uncoordinated and unsmooth relationship between governments and communities in urban communities in China needs to be improved urgently. This paper regards the relationship between grass-roots government and community autonomous organizations as the research subject. On the one hand, the traditional top-down administrative model makes urban community residents over-reliant on the government, resulting in serious imbalance between the government and residents in community governance, hindering the construction and development of community governance. On the other hand, the introduction of governance theory and the diversity and complexity of modern urban development require that the grass-roots governments and community autonomous organizations should cooperate and help each other in an equal and interactive way to govern community affairs. Based on the theory of civil society, using the methods of literature research, historical observation and system analysis, this paper takes the historical changes of the relationship between the grass-roots government and the community in the urban community governance as the breakthrough point, and finds out the grass-roots government in the community construction by clarifying the respective roles and functions of the grass-roots government and the community autonomous organizations. On the basis of systematically analyzing the existing problems and causes of the interaction between urban grass-roots governments and community autonomous organizations in China, this paper puts forward some constructive and feasible ideas and opinions. The second part sums up and sorts out the basic concepts of community and urban community, grass-roots government and community autonomous organization, and explains in detail the theory of the relationship between the state and civil society, governance theory. On the basis of the theory of civil society and its application in urban community governance, the third part makes a comprehensive review of the relationship between grass-roots governments and community autonomous organizations in urban community governance from the historical perspective, from the planned economy period to the early stage of reform and opening up to the exploration and development period of community system. In order to find out the problems existing in the relationship between the grass-roots government and the community autonomous organizations and the historical reasons for the problems, and on this basis to explore suitable for the current development of our community grass-roots government and community autonomous organizations of the benign relationship between the road to lead ideas. The fifth part analyzes the causes of the problems on the basis of pointing out the problems existing in the relationship between the urban grass-roots government and the community autonomous organizations, in order to direct the relationship between the grass-roots government and the community autonomous organizations. On the basis of deep reflection on the problems and reasons existing in the relationship between the grass-roots government and the community autonomous organizations, this part puts forward some ideas to improve the relationship between the city grass-roots government and the community autonomous organizations from the perspectives of concept transformation, system guarantee, transformation of government functions and giving full play to the functions of the community autonomous organizations.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630;D669.3

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