地方政府权力清单制度问题研究

发布时间：2018-12-07 16:36

【摘要】：权力清单制度是规范权力运行的方式之一,近年来,随着党的十八届四中全会通过的《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》中明确提出“推行政府权力清单制度,坚决消除权力设租寻租空间”,权力清单制度的建设成为建设法治政府、转变政府职能、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要举措。这一制度逐渐走入公众视野,从权力清单制度的实践现状到发展方向都成为学术界讨论的热点话题。论文中,笔者按照权力清单的基本理论—存在的问题—产生问题的原因—路径的选择这一逻辑线索进行论述。首先对国内外关于权力清单制度的文献进行整理,形成了整体的认识;其次对研究内容所涉及的概念和内涵进行阐述,运用权力制约理论、有限政府理论以及透明政府理论对权力清单制度予以探讨,结合实证分析、文献研究和功能分析法展开研究;在理论的支撑下,根据当前全国各个地方政府权力清单制度的实施情况,研究各地在实践过程中存在的问题,从对制度的构建和实施进行分析和总结;在此基础上,通过表面现象分析存在问题的原因;最后,从健全权力清单制度的内容、规范权力清单制度的程序性建设、强化权力清单制度配套保障机制以及加强权力清单制度行为主体的道德教育四个方面对权力清单制度的完善提出了相应的解决措施。权力清单制度是深化行政体制改革的必要措施,不仅可以规范权力的运行,而且可以通过对权力的梳理明确权力的边界,实现各项权力的公开,便于公众对行政权力进行监督。通过研究发现,地方政府权力清单制度在构建和实施中存在不足,从制度构建角度来说,权力清单制度的相关法律法规不健全导致制定主体不合理、制定程序随意性以及内容缺乏统一性,因此健全权力清单制度的内容以及加强程序性建设成为推进制度的关键;从制度实施的角度来看,其问题表现为制度行为主体消极回应制度建设、制度的覆盖范围狭窄以及支撑制度的信息平台更新缓慢,其原因在于权力清单制度的配套保障机制不完善,通过培养公众参与意识,将权力清单和责任清单有机连接,尝试公布公民权利清单,提高权力清单制度在实践过程中的绩效,同时充分利用信息化工具,在开放的信息体系中实现权力在阳光下运行。制度的构建和实施与制度行为主体密不可分,论文从伦理的角度出发,通过加强制度行为主体的道德教育,解决其“自上而下”和“自下而上”的权力冲突、“公共需求”和“个人需求”的利益冲突以及“行政人”和“经济人”的角色冲突,保证制度行为主体按单用权,使权力清单制度发挥真正的作用,实现权力的有效制约和监督。
[Abstract]:The power list system is one of the ways to regulate the operation of power. With the "decision of the CPC Central Committee on comprehensively promoting the Rule of Law on several important issues" adopted by the fourth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, it was clearly stated that "the system of government power list shall be carried out and the space for rent-seeking under power to be set up shall be resolutely eliminated." The construction of the power list system has become an important measure to construct the government ruled by law, to transform the government function and to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance ability. This system has gradually entered the public view, from the practice of the list of power system to the direction of development has become a hot topic of academic discussion. In this paper, the author discusses the logic clue of the basic theory of power list-the existing problem, the cause of the problem and the choice of the path. First of all, the domestic and foreign documents on the power list system are sorted out, forming a whole understanding; Secondly, it expounds the concept and connotation of the research content, discusses the power list system by using the power restriction theory, the limited government theory and the transparent government theory, combined with the empirical analysis. Literature research and functional analysis; Under the support of the theory, according to the implementation of the power list system of various local governments in the country, the problems existing in the practice process are studied, and the construction and implementation of the system are analyzed and summarized. On this basis, the causes of the problems are analyzed through surface phenomena. Finally, from perfecting the contents of the power list system and standardizing the procedural construction of the power list system, Strengthening the supporting safeguard mechanism of the power list system and strengthening the moral education of the behavior subject of the power list system put forward the corresponding solutions to the perfection of the power list system. The power list system is a necessary measure to deepen the reform of the administrative system. It can not only regulate the operation of the power, but also realize the openness of the power by sorting out the boundary of the power, and make it convenient for the public to supervise the administrative power. Through the study, it is found that the local government power list system in the construction and implementation of deficiencies, from the point of view of system construction, the relevant laws and regulations of the power list system is not perfect, leading to the establishment of the main unreasonable. The randomness of the procedure and the lack of unity of the content make it the key to improve the content of the power list system and to strengthen the procedural construction; From the point of view of system implementation, its problems are the negative response of the subject of system behavior, the narrow coverage of the system and the slow renewal of the information platform supporting the system. The reason is that the supporting safeguard mechanism of the power list system is not perfect, through cultivating the public participation consciousness, connecting the power list with the responsibility list organically, trying to publish the civil rights list, and improving the performance of the power list system in the practice process. At the same time, the full use of information tools, in the open information system to achieve power in the sun. The construction and implementation of institution are closely related to the subject of institutional behavior. From the point of view of ethics, the thesis solves the power conflict between "top-down" and "bottom-up" by strengthening moral education of the subject of institutional behavior. The conflict of interest between "public demand" and "individual demand" and the conflict of roles between "administrative person" and "economic person" ensure that the system acts according to the right of single use, and makes the power list system play a real role. To realize the effective restriction and supervision of power.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D630

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