我国华东地区突发环境事件应急管理机制研究

发布时间：2019-06-04 15:51

【摘要】：近年来,我国工业化、城镇化加速推进,传统污染型行业持续增长,重化工业比重不断攀升,粗放的发展方式、滞后的管理模式难以短期扭转,不合理的规划布局、不配套的基础设施无法同步改善,环境风险源不断叠加,污染物排放量不断累加,环境安全距离不断压缩,企业环境违法行为仍普遍存在,从本源上,对环境的污染的种种问题没有办法得到解决和改善,坏境的脆弱程度一直在快速增长,抗压程度却一直在下降,对环境污染爆发的防范力度虽然一直在加强,但是其困难程度也在不断上升,而大规模爆发式坏境事件的发生频率也十分之高,这种状况无法根本缓解,环境安全形势不容乐观。华东区域是我国经济总量最大、发达程度最高、经济活力最强的区域,同时也是人口密度最高、企业数量最多、排污总量最大的区域,面临的环境风险压力及环境安全形势尤为严峻。目前,我国已建成一套行之有效的环境应急管理的机制。本文将在此基础上,科学分析华东区域面临的环境安全形势,找准推进环境应急管理工作的重点、难点及突破点,以更系统的理论创新,更完善的体系构建,更顺畅的机制运行,更具体的制度操作为全国其他省市深入开展环境应急管理工作提供有益的模式借鉴,为全国环境应急管理创新转型提供丰富的实践经验具有重大的理论及现实意义。本文一共分为六个章节,第一章为绪论,主要阐述课题研究的背景情况和我国目前现存的环境突发事件的理论研究成果;第二章节主要是对近年来在华东地区发生的环境突发事件的原因分析与总结;第三章主要为华东地区突发环境事件应急机制的现状分析;第四章节主要为华东地区目前的环境突发事件应急机制存在的问题;第五章节主要为借鉴国外发达国家的环境应急机制;第六章为我国华东地区在环境突发事件应急机制的建立方面需要改进的方面。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's industrialization and urbanization have accelerated, the traditional polluting industries have continued to grow, the proportion of heavy chemical industries has been rising, the extensive mode of development, and the lagging management model have been difficult to reverse in a short period of time, and unreasonable planning and layout have been made. The unmatched infrastructure can not be improved synchronously, the sources of environmental risk are constantly superimposed, the emissions of pollutants continue to accumulate, the safe distance of the environment is constantly compressed, and the illegal behavior of the environment of enterprises is still common. There is no way to solve and improve the problems of environmental pollution, the vulnerability of the bad environment has been growing rapidly, but the degree of compression has been declining, although the prevention of the outbreak of environmental pollution has been strengthened. However, the degree of difficulty is also rising, and the frequency of large-scale explosive bad events is also very high, this situation can not be fundamentally alleviated, the environmental security situation is not optimistic. East China is the region with the largest total economic volume, the highest degree of development and the strongest economic vitality, as well as the region with the highest population density, the largest number of enterprises and the largest total amount of sewage discharge. The environmental risk pressure and environmental safety situation are particularly serious. At present, China has built a set of effective environmental emergency management mechanism. On this basis, this paper will scientifically analyze the environmental security situation in East China, find out the key points, difficulties and breakthroughs in promoting environmental emergency management, and build a more systematic theoretical innovation and more perfect system. More smooth operation of the mechanism and more specific institutional operation will provide a useful model for other provinces and cities in the country to carry out environmental emergency management in depth. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to provide rich practical experience for the innovation and transformation of environmental emergency management in China. This paper is divided into six chapters, the first chapter is the introduction, mainly describes the background of the research and the existing theoretical research results of environmental emergencies in China; The second chapter is mainly the analysis and summary of the causes of environmental emergencies in East China in recent years, the third chapter is mainly the analysis of the current situation of emergency mechanism of environmental emergencies in East China. The fourth chapter is mainly about the problems existing in the current environmental emergency response mechanism in East China, and the fifth chapter mainly draws lessons from the environmental emergency mechanism of foreign developed countries. The sixth chapter is the aspect that needs to be improved in the establishment of environmental emergency response mechanism in East China.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D63

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