我国突发事件应对中的政府信息公开探析

发布时间：2019-07-07 19:38

【摘要】：突发事件是指突然发生,造成或可能造成严重社会危害,需要采取应急处置措施予以应对的自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生事件和社会安全事件。突发事件具有突发性、严重的社会危害性、发展的不确定性、公共性、要求处置的紧迫性等特征,所以其应急处置也应当具有其特殊性。我国突发事件应急管理过程中存在着政府应急管理体制不完善、政府和民众缺乏危机意识等问题。突发事件应对中的政府信息公开,不同于常规社会形态中的政府信息公开,需要进行研究和探讨。我国突发事件中政府信息公开,存在着法律制度的局限性、政府职能错位的消极影响、社会力量对政府信息公开的影响等问题,需要有针对性的解决方案。对于任何一个政府而言,尊重每个公民的知情权是其法律义务之一。在突发事件应急管理过程中,政府更应该充分保障公民的知情权。当国家发生了特别重大的事故,而公民又需要满足其知情权时,完善的突发事件应急管理中的政府信息公开制度就显得尤为迫切。本研究从突发事件的案例出发,阐明突发事件应对中涉及的概念、特征、种类以及当前突发事件应对中存在的问题;进一步讨论了突发事件应对中政府信息公开的理论基础,和突发事件发生时我国政府信息公开的实践及其困境;最后,借鉴国外突发事件中政府信息公开的经验,提出推动我国突发事件应对中政府信息公开的建议。
[Abstract]:Emergencies refer to natural disasters, accidents, public health events and social security events that occur suddenly, cause or may cause serious social hazards, and need to take emergency measures to deal with them. Emergencies have the characteristics of sudden, serious social harmfulness, uncertainty of development, publicity, urgency of disposal and so on, so their emergency disposal should also have its particularity. In the process of emergency management in our country, there are some problems, such as imperfect government emergency management system, lack of crisis consciousness and so on. The government information disclosure in emergency response is different from the government information disclosure in the conventional social form, so it needs to be studied and discussed. There are some problems in the disclosure of government information in China, such as the limitation of the legal system, the negative influence of the dislocation of government functions, the influence of social forces on the disclosure of government information, and so on. For any government, it is one of its legal obligations to respect the right to know of every citizen. In the process of emergency management, the government should fully protect citizens' right to know. When a particularly serious accident occurs in the country and citizens need to meet their right to know, the perfect system of government information disclosure in emergency management is particularly urgent. Starting from the case of emergency, this study expounds the concept, characteristics, types and problems existing in the response to emergencies, and further discusses the theoretical basis of government information disclosure in emergency response, as well as the practice and predicament of government information disclosure in China when emergencies occur. Finally, drawing lessons from the experience of government information disclosure in foreign emergencies, this paper puts forward some suggestions to promote the disclosure of government information in emergency response in China.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D63

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