我国机械设备制造业上市公司的技术效率研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 14:20

本文关键词：我国机械设备制造业上市公司的技术效率研究　出处：《集美大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：机械设备制造业是国民经济和社会发展的物质基础，是一个国家综合国力的重要体现。经济全球化进程中，我国正在成为世界机械制造业的中心，，但是与发达国家相比，我国机械设备制造业制造工艺陈旧、生产自动化技术落后、企业管理粗放、缺乏自主创新产品与先进技术，在很多方面跟世界先进水平有较大的差距。为了缩小与国外机械设备制造水平的差距，学术界与实业界都在进行不懈的探索。波特（1990）指出：竞争力在国家水平上仅仅有意义的概念是国家的生产率，在地区意义上也是如此。对于企业来讲，生产率是竞争力概念中最重要和最主要的部分。企业生产率的提高可以表现为两方面,一是企业生产边界的外移，二是企业实际产出与生产边界之间距离的缩短。在企业层面更多的是强调技术创新与进步，管理制度的优化等。技术效率是一个与生产性可能性边界紧密联系在一起的概念，主要用来衡量一个企业在等量要素投人条件下，其产出与最大产出前沿的距离。本文认为，立足于提高技术效率，使企业的实际生产运营状态逐渐接近其最大潜力，充分发挥现有资本的最大创造力，是企业管理层应该竭力实现的。企业管理层能改善的只有企业内部的效率影响因素，因此本文从影响技术效率的企业内部因素出发，侧重分析资本结构与技术效率的关系。本文使用随机前沿分析法(SFA)，建立了以柯布道格拉斯生产函数为基础的随机前沿生产函数模型，以我国机械设备制造业上市公司2005-2009年的面板数据为样本，实证分析了我国机械设备制造业上市公司的技术效率，同时分析了资本结构对公司技术效率的影响。实证结果显示我国机械设备仪表制造业上市公司的平均技术效率为0.782，表明存在约12.8%的技术效率浪费，有待进一步的提升与发展；2005-2009年我国机械设备仪表制造业整体的平均技术效率随时间呈上升趋势；2005-2009年我国机械设备仪表制造业整体上还未达规模效率，存在规模不足，仍有一定的扩张余地；我国机械设备制造业资本结构与技术效率存在倒U型的关系，也即存在一个最佳的资本结构使得企业的技术效率最高。这为企业在进行融资决策时提供参考，也为提高我国机械设备制造业技术效率提供途径。
[Abstract]:The machinery and equipment manufacturing industry is the material foundation of the national economy and social development and the important embodiment of a country's comprehensive national strength. In the process of economic globalization, our country is becoming the center of the world machinery manufacturing industry. However, compared with the developed countries, China's machinery and equipment manufacturing industry is outdated in manufacturing technology, backward in production automation technology, extensive enterprise management, lack of independent innovation products and advanced technology. In many ways there is a big gap with the advanced level of the world. In order to narrow the gap with the manufacturing level of foreign machinery and equipment. Both academia and industry are making unremitting explorations. Porter's 1990) points out that the only meaningful concept of competitiveness at the national level is the productivity of the country. For enterprises, productivity is the most important and most important part of the concept of competitiveness. The improvement of enterprise productivity can be manifested in two aspects, one is the outward movement of enterprise production boundary. The second is the shortening of the distance between the actual output and the production boundary, and the emphasis on technological innovation and progress, the optimization of management system, etc. Technical efficiency is a concept closely related to the boundary of productive possibilities, which is mainly used to measure the distance between the output of an enterprise and the frontier of maximum output under the condition of equal factor investment. Based on improving the technical efficiency, the actual production and operation state of the enterprise is gradually approaching its maximum potential, and the maximum creativity of the existing capital can be brought into full play. The enterprise management can only improve the internal efficiency factors, so this paper starts from the enterprise internal factors that affect the technical efficiency. The relationship between capital structure and technical efficiency is analyzed emphatically. In this paper, a stochastic frontier production function model based on Cobb Douglas production function is established by using the stochastic frontier analysis method (SFAA). Based on the panel data from 2005 to 2009, this paper empirically analyzes the technical efficiency of the listed companies in China's machinery and equipment manufacturing industry. At the same time, it analyzes the influence of capital structure on the technical efficiency of the company. The empirical results show that the average technical efficiency of the listed companies in the mechanical equipment and instrument manufacturing industry is 0.782. It shows that there is about 12.8% waste of technical efficiency, which needs to be further promoted and developed. From 2005 to 2009, the average technical efficiency of China's mechanical equipment and instrument manufacturing industry increased with time. From 2005 to 2009, the manufacturing industry of mechanical equipment and instrumentation in China has not achieved scale efficiency on the whole, there is a lack of scale, there is still some room for expansion; The capital structure of China's machinery and equipment manufacturing industry has a inverted U-shaped relationship with technical efficiency, that is, the existence of an optimal capital structure makes the technological efficiency of enterprises the highest, which provides a reference for enterprises to make financing decisions. It also provides a way to improve the technical efficiency of China's machinery and equipment manufacturing industry.
【学位授予单位】：集美大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F426.4;F832.51;F273.1;F224

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