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行为资产定价模型研究及中国股市实证检验

发布时间:2018-04-17 04:37

  本文选题:资本资产定价模型 + 行为资产定价模型 ; 参考:《上海交通大学》2013年硕士论文


【摘要】:尽管以有效市场假说为基石的标准金融学理论一直以来占据统治地位,认为有效市场上的所有证券都是被有效定价的,市场上即使出现价格与价值的偏离也是短暂的,市场上有效套利者的存在会驱使价格回归到证券的内在价值水平,即不会存在长时间异常超额收益,市场上的风险回报都是由系统风险引起的。然而,众多的事实以及实证研究表明,CAPM模型在实践中无法解释所有收益的。 行为金融学认为市场上的投资者并非都是理性的,认为投资者的价值观、社会地位、生活方式、情绪波动等都会影响资产的定价。当非理性投资者占据一定规模时,他们就会有可能给证券市场带来额外的风险,这种风险被称作噪声交易风险。Shefrin和Statman(1994)提出了基于噪声交易理论的行为资产定价模型(BAPM),该模型引入噪声交易风险,认为市场证券的定价是由信息交易者和噪声交易者共同决定的,从而奠定了行为资产定价模型发展的基础。然而BAPM理论前提是构造有效的行为市场组合,由于投资者情绪的变化性,这给BAPM的实证研究带来了困难。 本文参考了Vikash Bora Ramiah和Sinclair Davidson(2002)构造动量指数的方法来描述市场投资者情绪,但考虑到动量指数的复杂性以及本文的研究目的,本文采用了上证50指数来代替动量指数,并以此对上海证券A股市场的噪声交易情况作了实证性分析。通过采用上证A股市场交易数据作为研究样本,本文考察了在三种不同市场行情下CAPM与BAPM模型的适用性差异,结果发现“牛市”及“熊市”中BAPM解释市场收益更为有效,而“平衡市”中CAPM更为适用。 最后,本文基于我国股市噪声交易者活跃的特征,提出了利用行为资产定价理论对上市公司价值评估模型进行修正的可行性,,因为在一个充斥大量噪声交易者的市场中,基于行为资产定价理论的估值模型更有利于发现公司内在价值,指导投资行为。所以本文结合了具体案例进行了实证性分析和检验,结果发现基于行为贝塔的绝对估值符合行为资产理论预期,验证了其应用的合理性。
[Abstract]:Although the standard financial theory, which is based on the efficient market hypothesis, has always dominated, it is believed that all securities in the efficient market are effectively priced, and even the deviation between price and value in the market is short-lived.The existence of effective arbitrage in the market will drive the price back to the intrinsic value level of the securities, that is, there will be no abnormal excess returns for a long time, and the return on risk in the market is all caused by systematic risk.However, many facts and empirical studies show that CAPM model can not explain all the benefits in practice.Behavioral finance believes that investors in the market are not all rational, that investors' values, social status, lifestyle, emotional fluctuations will affect the pricing of assets.When irrational investors occupy a certain size, they have the potential to bring additional risk to the securities market.This kind of risk is called noise trading risk. Shefrin and Statmann 1994) put forward a behavioral asset pricing model based on noise trading theory. This model introduces noise trading risk and holds that the pricing of market securities is determined by information traders and noise traders.Thus, it lays the foundation for the development of behavioral asset pricing model.However, the premise of BAPM theory is to construct an effective behavioral market portfolio, which brings difficulties to the empirical research of BAPM due to the variability of investor sentiment.In this paper, we refer to the method of constructing momentum index by Vikash Bora Ramiah and Sinclair Davidsonian 2002.But considering the complexity of momentum index and the purpose of this paper, we use the Shanghai Stock Exchange 50 index instead of momentum index.Based on this, the paper makes a positive analysis of the noise trading in Shanghai A-share market.By using the trading data of Shanghai A-share market as the research sample, this paper investigates the applicability differences between CAPM and BAPM models under three different market prices. The results show that BAPM is more effective in explaining market returns in "bull market" and "bear market".CAPM is more applicable in balanced markets.Finally, based on the active characteristics of noise traders in China's stock market, this paper puts forward the feasibility of modifying the valuation model of listed companies by using behavioral asset pricing theory, because in a market full of noise traders,The valuation model based on behavioral asset pricing theory is more helpful to discover the intrinsic value of the company and guide the investment behavior.So this paper combines the concrete case to carry on the positive analysis and the test, the result shows that the absolute valuation based on Behavioral Beta accords with the behavior assets theory expectation, and verifies the rationality of its application.
【学位授予单位】:上海交通大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2013
【分类号】:F832.51;F224

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