财政支出倾向、金融市场发展失衡与城乡收入差距的分析

发布时间：2018-05-19 16:28

本文选题：城乡居民收入差距 + 财政支出城市倾向　；参考：《南京大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：收入分配问题一直是经济学研究的热点。而城乡收入分配问题随着城市化发展而暴露出两者间的矛盾,使处理好城乡收入分配问题成为经济和社会稳定发展的关键之一。中国政府在众多的政府会议中也多次强调重视城乡收入差距问题。因此,研究影响城乡收入差距的因素,找出解决方法十分重要。目前,国内学者对我国城乡收入差距的成因做了很多研究,本文选取金融市场发展失衡问题和财政投资倾向问题作为切入点,利用新古典增长理论,构建了一个动态一般均衡模型,并使用1996——2010年间中国宏观统计数据,进行校准和数值模拟,得出财政支出倾向和金融市场发展失衡与城乡居民收入差距之间的关系。本文共分为以下五个部分：第一部分是导论,该部分主要阐述了本文的研究背景以及研究意义,并简单概括了全文的研究方法等。第二部分是文献综述,该部分将国内外学者对城乡居民收入差距研究文献进行了分类,并选取相关度较高的观点作了简要介绍。第三部分是界定研究对象和介绍各研究对象的发展情况,这部分主要是系统的阐述了中国城乡收入差距发展趋势以及财政投资情况和金融市场情况,并以统计数据作为支持把城乡间财政投资差异和金融市场发展差异作比较。第四部分是本文的核心,主要是根据研究对象,进行适当的假设之后,建立的一个动态一般均衡模型,并通过收集筛选后的数据进行校准和数值模拟。第五部分是研究结论和政策建议。这个部分主要是对第四部分的实证结果做一个简要的总结,并根据实际情况给出一定的政策建议。经过建模和数值模拟的分析,本文认为在不存在其他因素的情况下,城乡金融市场发展差异性对城乡居民收入差距的影响很明显,财政支出倾向次之。如果农村地区只有单纯的农业,没有其他任何途径促进农民财产增值,那么农村地区的资金会外流,农村的产出也将减少。而财政支出的城市倾向策略,虽然是为了促进城市经济发展,但同时也不可避免的进一步扩大城乡居民的收入差距。所以我们要大力发展农村金融,加大财政对农村的投入。
[Abstract]:The problem of income distribution has always been a hot topic in economics. However, with the development of urbanization, the problem of urban-rural income distribution exposes the contradiction between the two, which makes it one of the keys to the stable development of economy and society to deal with the problem of urban-rural income distribution. The Chinese government has also stressed the importance of urban and rural income gap in many government meetings. Therefore, it is very important to study the factors affecting the income gap between urban and rural areas and find out the solution. At present, domestic scholars have done a lot of research on the causes of the urban-rural income gap in China. This paper selects the financial market development imbalance and the financial investment tendency as the starting point, using the neoclassical growth theory. In this paper, a dynamic general equilibrium model is constructed, and the calibration and numerical simulation are carried out using the macro statistical data of China from 1996 to 2010. The relationship between the tendency of fiscal expenditure and the imbalance of financial market development and the income gap between urban and rural residents is obtained. This paper is divided into the following five parts: the first part is an introduction, this part mainly describes the research background and significance of this paper, and briefly summarizes the research methods of the full text. The second part is a literature review, this part of the domestic and foreign scholars on the income gap between urban and rural residents to classify the literature, and select a higher correlation point of view to make a brief introduction. The third part is to define the research object and introduce the development of each research object. This part mainly expounds the development trend of urban-rural income gap, financial investment and financial market situation. The difference between urban and rural financial investment and financial market development is compared with statistical data. The fourth part is the core of this paper, which is a dynamic general equilibrium model based on proper assumptions, and calibrates and simulates by collecting and filtering data. The fifth part is the research conclusions and policy recommendations. This part is mainly to make a brief summary of the empirical results of the fourth part, and give some policy suggestions according to the actual situation. Through the analysis of modeling and numerical simulation, this paper thinks that the difference of the development of the financial market between urban and rural areas has obvious influence on the income gap of urban and rural residents, and the tendency of fiscal expenditure is the second in the absence of other factors. If there is only agriculture in rural areas and there is no other way to increase the value of farmers' property, then capital flows out of rural areas and rural output will be reduced. Although the urban tendency strategy of fiscal expenditure is to promote the development of urban economy, it also inevitably expands the income gap between urban and rural residents. So we should vigorously develop rural finance and increase financial input to rural areas.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F124.7;F812.45;F832.5;F224

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