葛兰西学派在学校抗拒文化研究的贡献与反思
发布时间：2018-07-22 19:56
【摘要】：葛兰西(A.Gramsci)主张统治阶级支配被统治阶级并非只凭靠政治与经济的优势,更需要取得知识与道德的领导权,有机知识分子将他们的价值观转化为社会主流文化,以使被统治者心悦诚服地接受领导。此种文化霸权理论揭露文化的政治功能,进而在文化研究领域中形成葛兰西学派,诸如霍尔(S.Hall)建立的CCCS之抗拒理论以及欧歌布(J.Ogbu)的天花板理论等。这些论点共同陈述劳工阶级青少年藉由抗拒行为以维护自身的阶级认同、生存意义与发展空间。虽然,此种取向提供文化研究的一种独特视角,并逐渐成为新的研究范式。然而,其结构取向存在预设立场的缺失。社会阶级结构在当前社会日益复杂,阶级界线日趋模糊,消费文化更强化此种模糊性,因而阶级取向的抗拒理论难以契合动态发展的社会结构,至少被消费文化大幅遮蔽。再者,也忽视正向功能的探索,报酬体系是社会进步所需的价值观,若未能结合此种社会脉动,将陷落于结构化冲突的意识形态枷锁中,致使停留于解读抗拒与社会结构的关联性,这无助于劳工阶级青少年透过教育途径向上流动,致使陷落于结构再生产的阶级宿命。
[Abstract]:A. Gramsci argues that the ruling class not only depends on political and economic advantages, but also needs to acquire the leadership of knowledge and morality. The organic intellectuals transform their values into the mainstream culture of society. In order to make the governed accept leadership with sincerity. This theory of cultural hegemony exposes the political function of culture, and then forms the Gramsci school in the field of cultural research, such as the resistance theory of CCCS established by S. Hall and the ceiling theory of J. Ogbu. Together, these arguments state that working class adolescents defend their class identity, meaning of existence and space for development by resisting behavior. Although this orientation provides a unique perspective for cultural research, it gradually becomes a new paradigm of research. However, there is a lack of presupposition in its structural orientation. The social class structure is becoming more and more complex in the current society, the class boundary is becoming increasingly blurred, and the consumption culture strengthens the fuzziness, so the resistance theory of class orientation is difficult to fit in with the dynamic development of the social structure, and at least is largely obscured by the consumption culture. Furthermore, the exploration of positive function is ignored, and the reward system is the necessary value for social progress. If this kind of social pulsation is not combined, it will fall into the ideological shackles of structural conflict. It does not help the working-class youth to flow upward through the educational channels, resulting in the fall of the class predestined to the reproduction of the structure.
【作者单位】： 郑州大学教育学院全球化与教育政策研究中心;
【分类号】：G40-05
本文编号：2138398
[Abstract]:A. Gramsci argues that the ruling class not only depends on political and economic advantages, but also needs to acquire the leadership of knowledge and morality. The organic intellectuals transform their values into the mainstream culture of society. In order to make the governed accept leadership with sincerity. This theory of cultural hegemony exposes the political function of culture, and then forms the Gramsci school in the field of cultural research, such as the resistance theory of CCCS established by S. Hall and the ceiling theory of J. Ogbu. Together, these arguments state that working class adolescents defend their class identity, meaning of existence and space for development by resisting behavior. Although this orientation provides a unique perspective for cultural research, it gradually becomes a new paradigm of research. However, there is a lack of presupposition in its structural orientation. The social class structure is becoming more and more complex in the current society, the class boundary is becoming increasingly blurred, and the consumption culture strengthens the fuzziness, so the resistance theory of class orientation is difficult to fit in with the dynamic development of the social structure, and at least is largely obscured by the consumption culture. Furthermore, the exploration of positive function is ignored, and the reward system is the necessary value for social progress. If this kind of social pulsation is not combined, it will fall into the ideological shackles of structural conflict. It does not help the working-class youth to flow upward through the educational channels, resulting in the fall of the class predestined to the reproduction of the structure.
【作者单位】： 郑州大学教育学院全球化与教育政策研究中心;
【分类号】：G40-05
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