科尔伯格道德认知发展理论对我国青少年思想政治教育的启示

  本文关键词：科尔伯格道德认知发展理论对我国青少年思想政治教育的启示，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

        青少年强则国强,青少年兴则民族兴。的确,青少年是我们国家明天的建设者和主人翁,中华民族的振兴、国家综合国力的增强,在很大程度上既取决于他们是否具有良好的文化知识,更取决于他们是否具有良好的思想政治素质和道德品质。当今中国正处于转型时期,如何引导青少年逐步形成正确的世界观、人生观和价值观,培养他们具有良好的思想政治素质和道德品质已越来越受到全社会的关注。同时这也给我国青少年思想政治教育提出了重大挑战,面对诸多新情况和新问题,青少年思想政治教育体系的创新发展已成为新时期的重大课题之一。我们应站在历史的高度,以战略的眼光、科学的方法来分析和探索青少年思想政治品德的形成发展规律,以全球的视野、开放的态度去借鉴国外一些有影响的道德教育理论来丰富我国青少年思想政治教育理论的研究,并将之转化为促进我国青少年思想政治教育理论和实践改革创新的智力支持和经验参照,这是非常必要且有意义的。科尔伯格是美国当代著名的道德心理学家和道德教育理论家,他的研究范围非常宽泛,学术成就卓著。在二十世纪上半叶,他在改造西方、尤其是美国的道德教育过程中曾做出重大贡献。通过30多年的研究历程,他遵循心理学理论—教育实践—哲学反思的逻辑顺序,创造性地将理论、研究和实践三者相结合,形成道德发展哲学、道德发展心理学和道德教育实践策略这一比较复杂且完整的道德教育理论和实践体系。与其它西方道德教育理论相比较而言,道德认知发展理论既具有极为丰富的理论基础和文化资源,又为大量的实证研究所验证、丰富和发展,同时又在道德教育实践领域里构建了较为系统的、效果显著的教育模式。借鉴科尔伯格建构的道德认知发展理论丰硕成果,是我们改进和加强青少年思想政治教育的重要手段之一。因此,本文试图结合我国青少年思想政治教育的现状,对该理论作较为全面而系统的分析与评价,提炼出其合理内核以便为我国青少年思想政治教育的改革与创新服务。本文首先比较全面地介绍了科尔伯格道德认知发展理论的主要观点,包括:进步主义的道德教育观、道德教育的发展观、认知—发展的理论观及道德教育的实践策略,为下文启示部分的阐述奠定了理论基础。其次,比较有针对性的对科尔伯格道德认知发展理论进行了评价,分析了其贡献所在,也指出了其局限之处,为下文启示部分的阐述提供了理论参照。最后,在对科尔伯格道德认知发展理论的内容分析及评价的基础上,结合我国青少年思想政治教育的理论特点和实践现状,立足于道德认知发展理论的本土化,从教育模式、教育目标、教育内容、教育策略这四个方面,比较系统的探索了这一理论对我国青少年思想政治教育的启示。提出了我国青少年思想政治教育在教育模式建构上应从“被动灌输式”转向“主动交往式”;在教育目标设定上应重视培养青少年的思想政治品德判断能力,促进青少年思想政治品德认知结构的提高;在教育内容选择上应始终坚持科学、开放、可持续发展的原则;在教育策略实施上应采用一种生态性教育策略等见解。

    Teenagers are strong and the country is strong, teenagers are developing and the national is developing. Certainly, teenagers are tomorrow’s builders and masters of our country.The Chinese nation’s revitalization and the comprehensive national strength’s enhancement, to a large extent depend on whether they have a good cultural knowledge, but also depends on whether they have a good ideological and political qualities and moral character. Today’s China is in transition, how to guide teenagers gradually formed a correct outlook on world,life and values, cultivate them have a good ideological and political qualities and moral character has been more and more concerned. At the same time,this will also give the teenagers’ ideological and political education of our country a major challenge. Faced by many new situations and new problems, the innovation and development of our teenagers’ ideological and political education has become a major subject in the new era. We should stand in the the height of history, with the strategic vision and scientific methods to analyze and explore the formation and development of teenagers’ ideological and political qualities. Then learn from some foreign moral education theory to enrich our teenagers’ ideological and political education,and use them as intellectual support and reference to promote the reform and innovation of our Teenagers’ ideological and political education . This is very necessary and meaningful.Kohlberg is the contemporary well-known psychologist and moral educational theorists in United States, he has a very broad scope of the study and outstanding academic achievement. Up in the second half of the twentieth century,he had made a significant contribution on imporving moral education in the West, especially in the United States. During 30 years research,he follows psychological theory - education practice -philosophical reflection, combine the theory, research and practice, form the most complex and complete theory and practice of moral education system. Compare with other western moral educational theory, moral cognitive development theory is rich in both theoretical foundation and cultural resources, and it is validated,enriched and developed by many empirical study, at the same time, it construct more systematic and effective mode of education in the field of moral education. Learn from Kohlberg’s moral cognitive development theory is one of the most important ways to improve and strengthen our Teenagers’ ideological and political education. Therefore, this article attempts to integrate status quo of our teenagers’ ideological and political education,give a comprehensive and systematic analysis and evaluation of this theory, extract its reasonable core idea,then provide services to reformation and innovation of our teenagers’ ideological and political education.In this paper, there is a comprehensive description of Kohlberg’s moral cognitive development theory firstly, including: the concept of progressive moral education, the development concept of moral education, the cognition - development theory and the practical strategy of moral education.These all laid the theoretical basis for enlightenment in the below part.Secondly, it gives the evaluation of Kohlberg’s moral cognitive development theory, not only analysed of its contribution, but also pointed out the limitations.These all provide a theoretical reference for enlightenment in the below part.Finally, on the basis of analysis and evaluation about the Kohlberg’s moral cognitive development theory,combine with theory characteristics and practice status quo of our teenagers’ ideological and political education,from the education model, education objectives, education content and education strategy these four aspects,does a systematic exploration of enlightenment that Kohlberg’s moral cognitive development theory gives us.We should put forward the education model of our teenagers’ ideological and political education from the "passive indoctrinate type" to "initiative contact type"; On education objectives, we should pay attention to cultivate teenagers’ ideological,political and moral ability to judge, to promote their cognitive structures; When select the education content,we should insist on the principle of scientific, open,and sustainable development; In the implementation of education strategies,we should adopt an ecological education strategies.

科尔伯格道德认知发展理论对我国青少年思想政治教育的启示

中文摘要4-6Abstract6-7序言9-14    (一) 选题意义9-10    (二) 国内外相关研究综述10-12    (三) 研究方法与研究思路12-13    (四) 论文的创新与不足13-14一、科尔伯格道德认知发展理论述评14-24    (一) 科尔伯格道德认知发展理论的主要观点14-20        1. 进步主义的道德教育观14-15        2. 道德教育的发展观15-16        3. 认知-发展的理论观16-18        4. 道德教育的实践策略18-20    (二) 对科尔伯格道德认知发展理论的评价20-24        1. 道德认知发展理论的贡献20-22        2. 道德认知发展理论的局限22-24二、科尔伯格道德认知发展理论对我国青少年思想政治教育的启示24-39    (一) 在教育模式建构上，我国青少年思想政治教育应从“被动灌输式”转向“主动交往式”26-28    (二) 在教育目标设定上，思想政治教育应重视培养青少年的思想政治品德判断能力，促进青少年思想政治品德认知结构的提高。28-31    (三) 在教育内容选择上，，我国青少年思想政治教育应始终坚持科学、开放、可持续发展的原则31-34    (四) 在教育策略实施上，我国青少年思想政治教育应采用一种生态性教育策略34-39参考文献39-43后记43

  本文关键词：科尔伯格道德认知发展理论对我国青少年思想政治教育的启示，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。