美国中小学午餐供给的研究

发布时间：2018-02-12 08:38

本文关键词： 美国中小学午餐供给　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,在教育公平以及素质教育的大背景下,学生的身体素质和膳食营养受到了越来越多的关注和重视,改善义务教育阶段内的儿童营养状况已纳入我国国家战略,建立与完善义务教育阶段内的学校供餐体系已迫在眉睫。本研究着眼于美国中小学午餐供给这一供餐体系,采用历史研究法、文献研究法以及案例研究法系统研究美国中小学午餐供给的具体实施办法并总结其经验,从而提出我国目前校餐供给方面的改进之处。本文以以下三方面为重点对美国中小学午餐供给进行系统研究。首先,系统梳理美国中小学午餐供给的发展历程,并以重要事件为节点将美国中小学午餐供给的发展历程划分阶段。从阶段划分中可以看出,美国中小学午餐供给体系的建立是漫长而曲折的。其次,全面整理对美国中小学午餐供给影响重大的法律法规和政策文件,并对其内容进行简要介绍。从中可以看出健全的法律与政策保障是美国中小学午餐供给最大的特色。再次,详细介绍美国中小学午餐供给的实施,包括监管体系及财政支持、申请资格及申请流程、营养标准及供餐形式,并以美国加利福尼亚州的戴维斯学区为案例,对其具体实施事宜进行深入研究。从这部分研究中可以看出美国对中小学的午餐供给十分重视,在实施过程中特别注重公平且因地制宜、注重与地方经济发展相结合,此外,其严谨的监管程序也是它的特色。然而,其实施过程也存在问题,如午餐成本难以保障、午餐食物浪费严重、营养教育效果欠佳。通过系统的研究及所得结论,本文为我国“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”总结出五点改善建议:坚持国家主导,加大政府财政投入;加强立法工作,健全法律体系;逐步扩大覆盖范围;严格监管程序,公开监管信息;制定统一标准,因地制宜,与地方经济发展相结合。
[Abstract]:In recent years, under the background of educational equity and quality-oriented education, more and more attention has been paid to the students' physical quality and dietary nutrition. Improving the nutritional status of children in the compulsory education stage has been incorporated into our national strategy. It is urgent to establish and perfect the school feeding system in the compulsory education stage. Literature research method and case study method systematically study the specific implementation methods of lunch supply in American primary and secondary schools and summarize their experiences. This paper focuses on the following three aspects: the systematic study of the lunch supply in American primary and secondary schools. First, the development of lunch supply in primary and secondary schools in the United States is systematically reviewed. Taking important events as the node, the paper divides the development process of American primary and middle school lunch supply into stages. From the stage division, we can see that the establishment of American primary and middle school lunch supply system is long and tortuous. Secondly, A comprehensive review of the laws, regulations and policy documents that have a significant impact on the lunch supply in American primary and secondary schools, and a brief introduction of its contents. From this, we can see that sound legal and policy protection is the most important feature of the lunch supply in American primary and secondary schools. Again, This paper introduces the implementation of lunch service in primary and secondary schools in the United States, including the regulatory system and financial support, application qualification and application process, nutrition standards and the form of meals, and takes Davis School District, California, USA as a case study. From this part of the study, we can see that the United States attaches great importance to the provision of lunch for primary and secondary schools, pays special attention to fairness and local conditions in the implementation process, and emphasizes combining with local economic development. Its strict supervision procedure is also its characteristic. However, there are some problems in its implementation, such as the difficulty of ensuring the cost of lunch, the serious waste of lunch food, and the poor effect of nutrition education. This paper sums up five suggestions for improving the nutrition of rural compulsory education students in our country: adhere to the state leading, increase the government financial input, strengthen the legislative work, perfect the legal system, gradually expand the coverage, strictly supervise the procedure, Open regulatory information; formulate unified standards, according to local conditions, and local economic development.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G639.712

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