基于绿色化学视角的初中化学教学优化研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 17:00

本文选题：绿色化学 + 初中化学　；参考：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：环境保护问题已越来越为世界各国所重视,环境意识已成为当代人类文化素质的重要组成部分,并成为衡量一个国家,一个民族乃至一个人的文明程度的重要标准。随着我国经济的快速发展,而其生产过程中产生的化学废物对人们赖以生存的环境造成严重污染,而且情况愈演愈烈。目前,人类进行生态环境保护措施的实施迫在眉睫,同时这也是每个人肩负的应尽的职责。就履行化学教师的职责来说,在日常的化学教育中教师应当充分把保护环境与课程教学两者紧密相联,这样的教学方式是必不可少的。初中生在中学这个阶段三观都尚未成熟,而此时也是三观确立的紧要时刻,而中学生的三观教育是按照实现我国持续性发展目标的方向来定的,所以在整个中学时期应当及时开展绿色化学的基本教育以及将它渗透到初中教学之中,这就要求要运用化学的基本原理在制造业、重工业、农业的源头上将制造业、重工业、农业的污染进一步减轻和消除,以此将这样的基本理念推广开展到初中的教育中,才有助于真正实现绿色化学。在教学初中阶段化学时,应当不仅局限于让学生了解化学的基本工作原理,基本领会化学中物质转换的定式,还要进一步的让受教学生学会环境保护的化学措施,更重要的是深刻理解绿色化学这个新兴概念所包含的重大意义。在整体化学的教学中,教师应当弥补学生化学知识层面的不足,更加深入贯彻保护环境的重要性,要让他们知晓在对大气和臭氧层进行保护、降低温室效应的危害、维持土壤、净化水源方面绿色化学所起到的关键效用,明晰帮助整体民族提升生活质量、维持健康状态、进行安全保护所生产的化学物质工作原理,在教育中不断激发引导他们对化学的兴致,从而实现人与自然齐头并进和谐共存的局面。本文首先分析了绿色化学与中学化学教育的关联,绿色化学是中学化学教育的核心理念、是中学化学教材的重要内容、中学化学教育的终极目标。初中化学教学中渗透绿色化学体现新课标素质教育的要求。本文对初中化学环境教学现状进行问卷调查和访谈分析。指出了初中化学教学在环保教育方面的缺失问题：传统落后的化学教育观念、低效的初中化学环保教学方式和缺乏对学生环境素养的培养。本文最后提出了绿色化学下初中化学教学的优化策略：树立绿色化学意识和环保意识；课堂教学的优化,在教学中培养学生的环境保护意识,深入挖掘教材中的环保内容、实施以问题为中心的教学模式；实验教学的优化,包括培养实验教学中的绿色理念、探究实验教学中的新方法和实验后的反思与作业设计；课外活动的优化。
[Abstract]:The problem of environmental protection has been paid more and more attention to all over the world. Environmental consciousness has become an important part of contemporary human cultural quality and an important standard to measure the civilization of a country, a nation and even a person. With the rapid development of economy in China, the chemical waste produced in the process of production has caused serious pollution to the environment on which people depend for survival, and the situation is becoming more and more serious. At present, it is urgent for human beings to carry out ecological environmental protection measures, which is also the responsibility of everyone. In order to fulfill the duties of chemistry teachers, in the daily chemistry education, teachers should fully link the protection of the environment with the curriculum teaching. This teaching method is essential. Junior high school students in this stage of the three views are not yet mature, and this is also a critical time to establish the three views, and the three-view education of middle school students is determined according to the direction of achieving the goal of sustainable development of our country. Therefore, during the whole middle school period, we should carry out the basic education of green chemistry in a timely manner and infiltrate it into the teaching of junior high schools. This requires the use of the basic principles of chemistry in manufacturing, heavy industry, and agriculture at the source of manufacturing and heavy industry. The pollution of agriculture is further alleviated and eliminated, so as to spread such basic idea into junior high school education, it is helpful to realize green chemistry. In teaching chemistry in junior middle school, we should not only let students understand the basic working principle of chemistry, basically understand the formula of substance conversion in chemistry, but also further let the educated students learn the chemical measures of environmental protection. It is more important to understand the significance of green chemistry as a new concept. In the teaching of overall chemistry, teachers should make up for the deficiency of students' chemistry knowledge, implement the importance of protecting the environment, let them know that they are protecting the atmosphere and ozone layer, reduce the harm of Greenhouse Effect, and maintain the soil. The key role of green chemistry in purifying water sources is to clarify the working principles of chemicals produced to help the whole nation improve the quality of life, maintain a healthy state, and carry out safety protection. In education, they are constantly stimulated and guided by their interest in chemistry, so as to realize the harmonious coexistence of man and nature. This paper first analyzes the relationship between green chemistry and middle school chemistry education. Green chemistry is the core idea of middle school chemistry education, the important content of middle school chemistry teaching material, and the ultimate goal of middle school chemistry education. In junior middle school chemistry teaching, green chemistry embodies the requirement of quality education in the new curriculum standard. This article carries on the questionnaire survey and the interview analysis to the junior high school chemistry environment teaching present situation. The lack of environmental protection education in junior high school chemistry teaching is pointed out, such as the traditional backward concept of chemical education, the inefficient teaching method of chemical environmental protection in junior high school and the lack of cultivation of students' environmental literacy. Finally, the paper puts forward the optimization strategy of junior high school chemistry teaching under green chemistry: establishing green chemistry consciousness and environmental protection consciousness, optimizing classroom teaching, cultivating students' environmental protection consciousness in teaching, digging into the content of environmental protection in textbooks, The implementation of problem-centered teaching mode, the optimization of experimental teaching, including the cultivation of green ideas in experimental teaching, the exploration of new methods in experimental teaching and reflection and homework design after experiment, and the optimization of extracurricular activities.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.8

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