分层作业在初中物理教学中的实践研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 23:44

本文选题：分层作业 + 初中物理　；参考：《苏州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：“减负”这个理论多数教师都懂,但现实中很少有人真的会给学生“减负”,尤其是作业这块。在教育的大环境没变的形势下,谁都不敢顶着社会、家庭、学校、升学压力迈出第一步,大家明知道题海战术是错的,却还是有那么多人趋之若鹜。笔者在查阅了有关分层作业的研究现状后,结合自己的十年教学经验,在学校小范围内实施分层作业实验,试图找到一个更恰当的作业模式。笔者首先调查了区内5所学校中的部分教师与学生,了解到初中物理作业的现状,发现现行初中物理作业中存在的一系列问题：作业时间过长、作业量过大、习题过难、布置作业基本还是“一刀切”、作业批改过于草率；然后采访了区内3位优秀的并一直在教学一线的校长,从中汲取关于初中物理作业的先进理念；最后结合因材施教、最近发展区及人本主义理论,从物理作业的设计、物理作业的布置、物理作业的改评、物理作业的讲解这些方面分别采取分层的措施,选取应届初三下学期第一次单元测验均分最近的两个班级,一个按照正常布置作业,另一个进行分层作业,实验三个月后再对比学业成绩以及对照兴趣变化情况。最终发现分层作业对学生的成绩和学习物理的兴趣都有一定的正面影响,在成绩方面,对B层学生的影响更为明显,所以在实际教学中实施分层作业有必要也可行。
[Abstract]:Most teachers understand the theory of "burden reduction", but in reality very few people really "reduce the burden" of students, especially the homework. In the environment of education has not changed, no one dare to withstand the pressure of society, families, schools, and take the first step, everyone knows that the strategy is wrong, but there are still so many people flocking. After consulting the present research situation of stratified homework and combining with my ten years' teaching experience, the author carries out the stratified homework experiment in the small scale of school, and tries to find a more appropriate homework model. Firstly, the author investigates some teachers and students in five schools in the district, finds out the present situation of physics homework in junior high school, and finds out a series of problems existing in physics homework in junior middle school: the homework time is too long, the work amount is too large, the exercise is too difficult. The assignment was basically "one-size-fits-all", and the homework correction was too hasty. Then we interviewed three outstanding principals in the area who had been teaching at the front line to learn from the advanced ideas about physics homework in junior high schools. Finally, we combined teaching with aptitude. From the design of physical work, the layout of physical work, the modification and evaluation of physical work, the explanation of physical work, the theory of proximal development and humanism respectively takes measures of stratification. The first unit test in the third year of junior high school was divided into the nearest two classes, one was assigned according to normal assignment, the other was stratified. After three months of experiment, the results of study and the changes of interest were compared. Finally, it is found that stratified homework has a positive effect on students' achievement and interest in learning physics. In terms of performance, the influence of stratified homework on students in level B is more obvious, so it is necessary and feasible to carry out stratified homework in practical teaching.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.7

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