于漪“全面育人”作文教学实践研究

发布时间：2018-07-21 20:35

【摘要】：于漪是我国第一批语文特级教师,她从教五十多年,在长期的语文教学实践中形成的教育思想和教育理论,有着极高的教育研究价值。其中,作为于漪基础教育观的“全而育人观”更是值得研究。“全面育人观”的含义是要求语文课熔思想、知识、能力、素质与一炉,从“多管齐下”的全局观念来处理教材,设计教学过程,使学生在各方面得到培养和发展。理论指导实践,反过来,实践也应反映理论。透过教师的教学实践也应挖掘出教师背后的教育思想和教育理论。“全面育人观”作为于漪的基础教育观,那么于漪也应在“全面育人观”的指导下进行作文教学实践活动。于漪也确实这么实践。本文主要研究于漪如何运用“全面育人观”指导作文教学实践活动,她的教学实践对当今作文教学具有哪些指导和借鉴作用。本文采取文献研究和课例研究两种研究方法。本文首先论述于漪“全面育人观”的基本内容,然后再在“全面育人观”的基础上论述于漪“全面育人”作文教学观以及实施的教学方法,最后再探讨于漪“全面育人”作文教学实践的启示。全文一共分为三部分：前言、正文、结语。正文由四个章节组成。前言主要论述研究缘起、研究意义、研究综述、研究方法等相关问题。在研究综述这部分,主要对研究于漪老师的相关著作进行了梳理整合,提出从于漪“全面育人观”的角度研究作文教学实践的观点。第一章,主要论述于漪“全面育人观”的含义,以及对“全面育人观”中“全面”的理解,再具体分析于漪“全面育人观”的特点、实施原则、价值和意义。第二章,分别从作文目的观、作文指导观、作文评价观三方面论述于漪“全面育人”作文教学观。作文目的观从作文教学的总任务、阶段目标、每一节课目标三方面分析,三个目标循序渐进,相辅相成,达到“教文育人”全面培养学生的目的。作文指导观从思想、思维、思路三方面指导学生,指出作文指导不仅仅指导学生作文教学知识,而是使学生知识、思想、能力、素质都得到培养,成为一个全面的人。作文评价观要求教师要站在育人的高度去评价；要指导当在学生未思误思之处；正面激励,传递正能量；突出重点,兼及其余。第三章主要分析于漪“全面育人”作文教学方法,分别从激发学生写作兴趣,树立写作信心：教导学生学习方法,培养观察想象能力；师生共同参与评价,养成自学自改的习惯。第四章主要探讨于漪“全面育人”作文教学实践的启示,启示教师要树立先进的教育理念,教师要提高自己的综合能力,教师教育学生写作的方法要科学合理。
[Abstract]:Yu Yi is the first group of Chinese teachers in our country. She has been teaching for more than 50 years. The educational thought and theory formed in the long term Chinese teaching practice have high educational research value. Among them, as Yu Yi's view of basic education, "all but educate people" is worth studying. The meaning of "comprehensive view of educating people" is to require Chinese course to melt thought, knowledge, ability, quality and a furnace, deal with the teaching material from the "multi-pronged" overall concept, design the teaching process, and make the students get the training and development in all aspects. The theory guides the practice, in turn, the practice also should reflect the theory. Through the teacher's teaching practice, we should dig out the educational thought and theory behind the teacher. As Yu Yi's basic education view, Yu Yi should carry out composition teaching practice under the guidance of "comprehensive education view". Yu Yi also does this practice. This article mainly studies how Yu Yi uses "the comprehensive education view" to guide the composition teaching practice, and what kind of guidance and reference role her teaching practice has to the present composition teaching. This paper adopts two kinds of research methods: literature study and lesson study. This paper first discusses the basic contents of Yu Yi's concept of "all-round education", and then, on the basis of "comprehensive view of educating people", discusses Yu Yi's "comprehensive education" teaching view of composition and teaching methods. Finally, it discusses the enlightenment of Yu Yi's composition teaching practice. The full text is divided into three parts altogether: preface, text, conclusion. The text consists of four chapters. The preface mainly discusses the origin of the research, significance, research review, research methods and other related issues. In this part of the research summary, the author mainly combs and integrates the related works of teacher Yu Yi, and puts forward the viewpoint of studying composition teaching practice from the angle of Yu Yi's "comprehensive view of educating people". The first chapter mainly discusses the meaning of Yu Yi's "comprehensive education view", and the understanding of "comprehensive" view, and then analyzes the characteristics, implementation principle, value and significance of Yu Yi's "comprehensive education view". The second chapter discusses Yu Yi's teaching view of comprehensive education from three aspects: goal view, guidance view and evaluation view. The aim view of composition is analyzed from three aspects: the general task, the stage goal and the goal of each class. The three goals are gradual and orderly, and complement each other, so as to achieve the goal of "teaching and educating students" in an all-round way. This paper points out that composition guidance not only guides students' teaching knowledge, but also trains students' knowledge, thought, ability and quality to become a comprehensive person. The view of composition evaluation requires teachers to evaluate from the perspective of educating people; to guide students to think where they are not thinking; to give positive energy to positive motivation; to stress the key points and to cover the rest of the problems at the same time. The third chapter mainly analyzes Yu Yi's composition teaching method of "comprehensive education", which includes arousing students' interest in writing, building up writing confidence, teaching students' learning methods, cultivating their ability of observation and imagination, and teachers and students participating in evaluation together. Develop the habit of self-learning and self-improvement. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the enlightenment of Yu Yi's composition teaching practice of "all-round education", which enlightens teachers to set up advanced educational ideas, teachers to improve their comprehensive ability, and teachers to educate students to write scientifically and reasonably.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.34

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