人教版高中化学必修1教材中计算类问题教学策略研究
发布时间：2018-07-28 13:43
【摘要】：“物质的量”是宏观与微观之间连接的桥梁,是高中化学计算的核心。学生对“物质的量”相关知识体系的学习影响着整个高中化学学习,其相关知识体系主要由物质的量、摩尔质量、阿伏伽德罗常数、微粒数、物质的量浓度、气体摩尔体积等概念组成。本论文针对目前高中化学计算教学中存在的问题,在查阅了大量文献资料的基础上,对人教版高中化学必修1教材中计算内容进行了分析,提出以下教学策略:以直观克抽象,构建概念图,建立新旧知识的联系;清晰公式内涵,理清相互关系,展示解题思路;利用化学反应前后的守恒关系,进行变式练习,熟练解题技巧。根据以上教学策略设计教学案例,并在内蒙古兴安盟科右前旗第一中学高一年级两个班级进行了教学实践,得到一些有意义的结果,具体如下:①高一化学计算教学中引用概念图并理清公式内涵的基础上利用守恒关系进行变式练习,使学生对概念能够更全面更清晰的理解的基础上影响学生在学习化学计算时计算技能的实质性掌握,使学生在做化学计算题时思维更有逻辑性,从而有效地提高学生化学计算水平。②高一化学计算教学中引用概念图并理清公式内涵的基础上利用守恒关系进行变式练习,提升了学生的解题意识和科学素养。③高一化学计算教学中引用概念图并理清公式内涵的基础上利用守恒关系进行变式练习,改变了化学计算课堂上枯燥的学习氛围。总之,高一化学计算教学策略的实施大大的激发了学生学习化学计算的兴趣,加深了对以物质的量为核心的概念内涵的理解,丰富了学生的思维活动,使得原本枯燥机械的化学计算,学生同样体验到了学习和探索的乐趣,感受到了成功带来的喜悦。基础较差的学生不再把计算作为化学学习最大的拦路虎,基础较好的学生能够多角度分析问题情境。灵活选用优良的学习方法和策略进行解题,不同层次的学生分析问题,解决问题的能力得到了不同程度的提高。
[Abstract]:The quantity of matter is the bridge between macro and micro and the core of chemistry calculation in senior high school. The students' study of the "quantity of matter" related knowledge system affects the whole senior high school chemistry study. The related knowledge system mainly consists of the quantity of matter, the molar mass, the Avogadro constant, the number of particles, the quantity concentration of matter. Gas molar volume and other concepts. Aiming at the problems existing in chemistry calculation teaching in senior high school at present, on the basis of consulting a great deal of literature, this paper analyzes the calculation contents in the required 1 textbook of chemistry in senior high school, and puts forward the following teaching strategies: abstract by intuition, Construct the concept map, establish the connection of the new and old knowledge; clear the formula connotation, clear the relationship between each other, show the thinking of solving the problem; use the conservation relation before and after the chemical reaction, carry on the variant practice, skillfully solve the problem skill. According to the teaching strategy above, the teaching case was designed, and the teaching practice was carried out in two classes of grade one in the first grade of the first Middle School of the right Front Banner of XingUNITA in Inner Mongolia, and some meaningful results were obtained. The details are as follows: 1. In the chemistry calculation teaching of Senior one, the concept map is quoted and the connotation of the formula is clarified. On the basis of the conservation relation, the variant exercises are carried out. On the basis of making students have a more comprehensive and clear understanding of the concept, it will affect the students' substantive mastery of the computational skills in the study of chemical calculation, and make students' thinking more logical when they do the chemistry calculation questions. In order to improve the students' chemistry calculation level effectively in the teaching of chemistry calculation in Senior one, the concept map is quoted and the connotation of the formula is clarified. On the basis of this, the variant practice is carried out by using the conservation relation. Improve students' consciousness of solving problems and scientific literacy 3.The concept map is quoted and the connotation of formula is clarified on the basis of quoting concept map in chemistry calculation teaching in senior high school. On the basis of using conservation relation to carry out variant exercises, the dull learning atmosphere in chemistry calculation classroom is changed. In a word, the implementation of the teaching strategy of chemistry calculation in Senior one has greatly stimulated the students' interest in learning chemical calculation, deepened the understanding of the concept connotation of taking the quantity of matter as the core, and enriched the thinking activities of the students. So that the original boring mechanical chemical calculation, students also experience the fun of learning and exploration, feel the joy of success. Students with poor foundation no longer regard calculation as the biggest obstacle to chemistry learning, and students with good foundation can analyze problem situations from different angles. Flexible choice of excellent learning methods and strategies to solve problems, different levels of students to analyze problems, problem-solving ability has been improved to varying degrees.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.8
本文编号：2150331
[Abstract]:The quantity of matter is the bridge between macro and micro and the core of chemistry calculation in senior high school. The students' study of the "quantity of matter" related knowledge system affects the whole senior high school chemistry study. The related knowledge system mainly consists of the quantity of matter, the molar mass, the Avogadro constant, the number of particles, the quantity concentration of matter. Gas molar volume and other concepts. Aiming at the problems existing in chemistry calculation teaching in senior high school at present, on the basis of consulting a great deal of literature, this paper analyzes the calculation contents in the required 1 textbook of chemistry in senior high school, and puts forward the following teaching strategies: abstract by intuition, Construct the concept map, establish the connection of the new and old knowledge; clear the formula connotation, clear the relationship between each other, show the thinking of solving the problem; use the conservation relation before and after the chemical reaction, carry on the variant practice, skillfully solve the problem skill. According to the teaching strategy above, the teaching case was designed, and the teaching practice was carried out in two classes of grade one in the first grade of the first Middle School of the right Front Banner of XingUNITA in Inner Mongolia, and some meaningful results were obtained. The details are as follows: 1. In the chemistry calculation teaching of Senior one, the concept map is quoted and the connotation of the formula is clarified. On the basis of the conservation relation, the variant exercises are carried out. On the basis of making students have a more comprehensive and clear understanding of the concept, it will affect the students' substantive mastery of the computational skills in the study of chemical calculation, and make students' thinking more logical when they do the chemistry calculation questions. In order to improve the students' chemistry calculation level effectively in the teaching of chemistry calculation in Senior one, the concept map is quoted and the connotation of the formula is clarified. On the basis of this, the variant practice is carried out by using the conservation relation. Improve students' consciousness of solving problems and scientific literacy 3.The concept map is quoted and the connotation of formula is clarified on the basis of quoting concept map in chemistry calculation teaching in senior high school. On the basis of using conservation relation to carry out variant exercises, the dull learning atmosphere in chemistry calculation classroom is changed. In a word, the implementation of the teaching strategy of chemistry calculation in Senior one has greatly stimulated the students' interest in learning chemical calculation, deepened the understanding of the concept connotation of taking the quantity of matter as the core, and enriched the thinking activities of the students. So that the original boring mechanical chemical calculation, students also experience the fun of learning and exploration, feel the joy of success. Students with poor foundation no longer regard calculation as the biggest obstacle to chemistry learning, and students with good foundation can analyze problem situations from different angles. Flexible choice of excellent learning methods and strategies to solve problems, different levels of students to analyze problems, problem-solving ability has been improved to varying degrees.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.8
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