高中思想政治课简约化教学研究

发布时间：2019-06-03 06:01

【摘要】：新课程改革后,高中思想政治课教学发生了一系列变化：课程标准中更加注重学生情感态度价值观的培养,强调“启发”、“自主”、“发展”,大多数教师也改变了传统的照本宣科、思想灌输,采取多样的教学方法和模式,调动学生积极性和创造性,课堂变活了。但与此同时,热闹的课堂背后却折射出了形式性与盲目性,尤其在政治公开课中,味追求新颖的教学形式、丰富的教学环节、绚丽的教学多媒体展示,最终导致了课堂的繁琐、臃肿和低效。在当前新课改的反思期,如何让高中思想政治课教学在贯彻新课程要求的同时把握学科的主旨和本真,如何提高教学效率,从繁琐走向简约,显得颇为重要,由此,简约化教学理念应运而生。“简约”的明确提出源于西方艺术领域中简约主义概念,而在中国儒家、道家、墨家等学派观点中亦可挖掘其思想契合点。对于当前教学领域,它意味着简约性、务实性、高效性的教学,通过简约化教学,有利于提高课堂教学实效,提高教师教学能力,推动教师专业化发展,还有利于考虑学情,提高学生自主学习能力。高中思想政治课简约化教学涵盖教学过程的多个方面,建立在扬州、南通两地调查和访谈的基础上发现,虽然在实际教学中,简约化教学已经开始得到重视并取得一定进展,但是由于受到了教师教学观念和自身能力的制约,以及学校管理体制、教学模式和教材安排的影响,仍然存在着许多繁琐化现象,具体表现为：教学材料多杂,缺乏精细加工；教学方法繁多,媒体使用欠佳；教学语言繁琐,缺乏有效提问：教学评价单一,欠缺师生沟通。在研究结果的基础上,根据高中思想政治课简约化教学的现状、呈现的问题和原因,从教学准备、实施、总结、反思四个阶段提出了简约化教学的具体实施策略：首先在教学准备阶段要根据学生发展实际来设定教学目标,将书本与生活结合起来精选教学材料；其次在教学实施中要求教学内容主次分明、教学方法优化组合、教学媒体使用简练、教学语言简洁明了；再次在教学总结阶段要使教学评价充分有效,并注重对于零散知识点的系统化总结和强调；最后要求教师在教学之后进行及时和充分的反思。探讨简约化教学具体实施策略的同时,结合人教版高中思想政治教材给出了两侧教案设计,它们分别是《多彩的消费》两框和《企业与劳动者》第一框,前者采用了“一例贯穿”式教学设计,后者采用了“同类合并”式教学设计,两者共同体现了简约化的理念,从而将简约化教学落到实处,增强实践性,以期为高中思想政治教学提供一定借鉴。
[Abstract]:After the new curriculum reform, a series of changes have taken place in the teaching of ideological and political course in senior high school: in the curriculum standards, more attention has been paid to the cultivation of students' emotional, attitude and values, emphasizing "inspiration", "autonomy" and "development". Most teachers have also changed the traditional propaganda, indoctrination, adopted a variety of teaching methods and models, aroused the enthusiasm and creativity of students, and the classroom has become alive. But at the same time, the lively classroom reflects the formality and blindness, especially in the political open class, the taste pursues the novel teaching form, the rich teaching link, the gorgeous teaching multimedia display, which finally leads to the tedious classroom. Bloated and inefficient. In the current reflection period of the new curriculum reform, how to make the ideological and political course teaching in senior high school grasp the purport and truth of the subject while carrying out the requirements of the new curriculum, how to improve the teaching efficiency, from tedious to simple, is very important. The concept of simplified teaching emerges as the times require. Simplicity is clearly put forward from the concept of minimalism in the field of western art, and its ideological convergence can also be excavated in the views of Chinese Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism and so on. For the current teaching field, it means simple, practical and efficient teaching. Through simplified teaching, it is conducive to improving the effectiveness of classroom teaching, improving teachers' teaching ability, promoting teachers' professional development, and is also conducive to considering learning conditions. Improve students' autonomous learning ability. The simplified teaching of ideological and political course in senior high school covers many aspects of the teaching process. On the basis of the investigation and interview between Yangzhou and Nantong, it is found that although in the actual teaching, the simplified teaching has begun to be paid attention to and made some progress. However, due to the restriction of teachers' teaching concept and their own ability, as well as the influence of school management system, teaching mode and teaching material arrangement, there are still many trivial phenomena, which are as follows: there are many miscellaneous teaching materials and lack of fine processing; There are many teaching methods, poor use of media, tedious teaching language, lack of effective questions: single teaching evaluation, lack of communication between teachers and students. On the basis of the research results, according to the present situation of the simplified teaching of ideological and political course in senior high school, the problems and reasons presented, from the teaching preparation, implementation, summary, In the four stages of reflection, the concrete implementation strategies of simplified teaching are put forward: first, in the stage of teaching preparation, the teaching objectives should be set according to the students' development reality, and the books and life should be combined to select the teaching materials; Secondly, in the teaching implementation, the teaching content should be clear, the teaching method should be optimized, the teaching media should be used succinctly, and the teaching language should be concise and clear. Thirdly, in the stage of teaching summary, we should make the teaching evaluation fully effective, and pay attention to the systematic summary and emphasis of scattered knowledge points. Finally, teachers are required to reflect on it in time and fully after teaching. While discussing the concrete implementation strategy of simplified teaching, combined with the ideological and political teaching materials of senior high school, this paper gives the design of teaching plans on both sides, which are two frames of "colorful consumption" and the first box of "Enterprise and laborer", respectively. The former adopts the teaching design of "one case through", while the latter adopts the teaching design of "similar merger". Both of them embody the concept of simplicity, so as to put the simplified teaching into practice and enhance the practicality. In order to provide some reference for ideological and political teaching in senior high school.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.2

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