父母养育方式对3-6岁幼儿亲社会行为的影响

发布时间：2018-09-17 07:19

【摘要】：父母养育方式在幼儿亲社会行为发展过程中发挥重要作用,良好的养育方式,有利于幼儿亲社会行为的发展,不良的养育方式,在一定程度上对儿童亲社会行为发展起着阻碍作用。3-6岁的幼儿处于生理和心理快速发展的阶段,探讨父母养育方式对3-6岁幼儿亲社会行为的影响就显得十分重要。本研究以3-6岁幼儿父母为对象,在两所普通幼儿园选取小班(3-4岁)、中班(4-5岁)、大班(5-6岁)共计329名幼儿父母作为调查研究对象。采用《父母养育方式调查问卷》和《3-6岁幼儿亲社会行为调查问卷》,运用SPSS统计软件对所收集的数据进行分析,结论如下:1.父母养育方式在幼儿年龄段上存在差异,即不同年龄段的幼儿其父母的养育方式有所不同。3-6岁幼儿父母的民主型得分最高,放任型得分最低。在3-4岁的阶段上,父母的溺爱型明显高于其他年龄段。从整体来看以民主型养育方式为主,但其中仍然包含着一定比例的溺爱型、放任型、专制型、不一致型的养育方式。2.幼儿亲社会行为的特征:从整体来看,幼儿的亲社会行为各维度均发展良好,差异不大,其中合作、公德行为水平均高于分享、安慰行为。3.父母养育方式对幼儿亲社会行为的影响:父母的养育方式直接影响幼儿亲社会行为的发展,民主型父母养育方式与幼儿亲社会行为存在显著正相关,不一致型、放任型父母养育方式与幼儿亲社会行为存在显著负相关,进一步通过回归分析,发现民主型父母养育方式能够有助于3-6岁幼儿亲社会行为的发展。同时得出启示:提倡民主型养育方式为主;培养幼儿独立自主能力;不放任、不专制;掌握夸奖与批评的技巧;养育方式父母保持一致。
[Abstract]:Parental rearing style plays an important role in the development of children's pro-social behavior. A good parenting style is conducive to the development of children's pro-social behavior and bad parenting style. Children aged 3-6 years old are in the stage of rapid development of physiology and psychology. It is very important to explore the influence of parental rearing style on prosocial behavior of children aged 3-6 years. In this study, a total of 329 parents of children aged 3 to 6 years were selected from small class (3-4 years), middle class (4-5 years) and large class (5-6 years old) in two kindergartens. Using the questionnaire of Parental rearing style and the questionnaire of Prosocial behavior of Children aged 3-6 years, the data collected were analyzed with SPSS software. The results are as follows: 1. There are differences in parental rearing styles in infant age, that is, the parents of different age groups have the highest scores of democratic type and the lowest score of laissez-faire type. At 3-4-year-old, parental doting patterns were significantly higher than those of other age groups. As a whole, democratic parenting is the main way, but it still contains a certain proportion of indulgent, laissez-faire, autocratic, inconsistent rearing style. 2. Children's pro-social behavior characteristics: from the overall point of view, the child's pro-social behavior dimensions are well developed, the difference is not significant, in which the level of cooperation, public morality behavior is higher than sharing, comfort behavior. 3. The influence of parental rearing style on children's pro-social behavior: parental rearing style has a direct impact on the development of children's pro-social behavior, and there is a significant positive correlation between democratic parental rearing style and children's pro-social behavior. There was a significant negative correlation between the parental rearing style of laissez-faire and the prosocial behavior of young children. Through regression analysis, it was found that the democratic parental rearing style could contribute to the development of pro-social behavior of children aged 3-6 years. At the same time, we can draw inspiration: advocating democratic parenting style; cultivating children's ability of independence and autonomy; not letting go, not autocratic; mastering the skills of praise and criticism; keeping the parents' parenting style in line with each other.
【学位授予单位】：长春师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G78

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