台湾高等教育大众化政策研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 13:52

本文选题：台湾　切入点：高等教育　出处：《广州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：第二次世界大战结束以降,全球的高等教育历经了史无前例的快速扩展。人口、经济与社会等层面的转变,促使各国（地区）高等教育不断的扩张,许多先进国家或地区已经由精英型走向大众型甚至普及型的教育。台湾高等教育1988年迈入高等教育大众化阶段,迄今为止仍在蓬勃发展,并于2006年进入高等教育普及化阶段。虽然台湾当局对于高等教育的运作逐步松绑,但是在高等教育的转型过程中面临到的各种压力,理想与现实之间的冲突导致种种问题,若不及时做出调整或者改变,势必会陷入左支右绌的窘迫境地。根据马丁·特罗(Martin Trow)的高等教育发展阶段理论分析可见,台湾高等教育大众化在经济、政治和社会三大因素推动下,经历了高等教育精英化、大众化与普及化等三个阶段。在此过程中,台湾实施了高等教育规模扩张政策、高等教育入学选拔政策、高等教育品质保障政策、高等教育创新转型计划等重要政策,使高等教育规模、入学方式、目标与功能发生重大转变,收到了高等教育的市场化与多样化等效果。同时,也产生了高等教育资源排挤问题、高校招生困难、高等教育质量亟待提升等问题。针对上述问题,借鉴发达国家高等教育大众化经验,台湾高等教育政策可以从调整大学评鉴与定位策略、根基于专业分析制定高等教育政策策略、高等教育资源增加并有效管理分配策略以及促进国际合作等方面进行改进。
[Abstract]:With the end of the second World War, the world's higher education has experienced unprecedented rapid expansion.The changes of population, economy and society have promoted the expansion of higher education in various countries (regions). Many advanced countries or regions have moved from elite type to mass type and even popularized education.Taiwan's higher education entered the stage of popularization of higher education in 1988, and is still developing vigorously up to now, and has entered the stage of popularization of higher education in 2006.Although the Taiwan authorities are gradually loosening their restrictions on the operation of higher education, the various pressures faced during the transformation of higher education and the conflict between ideals and reality lead to various problems, if they do not make adjustments or changes in time.Is bound to fall into the left and right dwarfs of the dilemma.According to the theoretical analysis of the stage of higher education development by Martin Trow, it can be seen that the popularization of higher education in Taiwan has experienced three stages: elite, popularization and popularization of higher education, promoted by economic, political and social factors.In the process, Taiwan has implemented such important policies as the expansion of the scale of higher education, the policy on the selection of admission to higher education, the policy of ensuring the quality of higher education, the plan of transformation of innovation in higher education, and so on.The goal and function have been changed greatly, and the marketization and diversification of higher education have been achieved.At the same time, there are also problems such as the crowding out of higher education resources, the difficulty of recruiting students and the quality of higher education.In view of the above problems and drawing lessons from the experience of the popularization of higher education in developed countries, Taiwan's higher education policy can be based on the professional analysis and formulation of higher education policy strategies by adjusting the evaluation and positioning strategies of universities.Higher education resources increase and effective management of allocation strategies and promote international cooperation and other aspects of improvement.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G649.2

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