从外国人留学生政策看日本人才战略

发布时间：2018-04-28 16:33

本文选题：日本外国留学生 + 留学生政策　；参考：《北京林业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球化的深入,人口的流动也变得频繁起来。在新环境下,各国政府都认识到了想要在竞争中立于不败之地,人才竞争才是核心。日本政府也十分重视人才,特别是在老龄化少子化导致的劳动力不足的背景下,广泛大量的招收综合素质较高,具有国际视野的人才就显得尤为重要。因此日本政府重视教育,加大教育财政投入,从小培养学生国际视野；同时,扩大招收留学生,数量上由最初的10万提高到30万,吸引具有国际视野的留学生。二战后,作为战败国的日本百废待兴,美国的扶持,政府政策的导向,日本国民自身的努力等多方面的原因,1955年开始,日本经济由战后经济复兴期进入高速成长期,迅速成为世界第二大经济强国。日本学者和官方也一致认为“经济发展主要是依靠生产效率的提高,而决定生产效率的重要因素则是劳动力：劳动力素质的高低直接决定着生产效率。”所以日本政府在加大本国教育的同时,先后两次提出留学生政策。中国作为发展中国家,经济虽然不如日本发达,但是在也有本国独有的优势,人口充足,基础教育扎实等等。因此我们要吸收借鉴日本成功的地方。本文利用阅读图书馆资料和实地调查的方法,收集资料进行对比分析、总结,对日本的留学生政策的背景、流程、原因等等方面进行分析。其中主要以日本先后提出的10万留学生政策和30万留学生政策为为中心进行论述,再结合我国的实际国情,得出我国可以借鉴的地方。日本作为发达国家,教育在国家经济发展中起到很大作用,留学生更是新世纪人才竞争的重要环境。中国作为发展中国家,在学习日本外国人留学生成功的经验的同时,更应该结合我国的实际国情,在全球化竞争的进程中,选择适合我过人才保护和人才竞争的路线。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of globalization, population mobility has become frequent. In the new environment, governments all over the world realize that the talent competition is the core if they want to be invincible in the competition. The Japanese government also attaches great importance to talents, especially under the background of the shortage of labor force caused by the aging of minority children. Therefore, the Japanese government attaches great importance to education, increases its financial investment in education, and raises students' international vision from childhood. At the same time, the number of foreign students is increased from the initial 100000 to 300000 to attract students with international horizons. After World War II, Japan, as a defeated country, experienced a great deal of waste and prosperity, supported by the United States, guided by government policies, and the efforts of the Japanese people themselves. Since 1955, the Japanese economy has entered a period of rapid growth from the period of economic revival after the war. It quickly became the world's second largest economic power. Japanese scholars and officials also agree that "economic development mainly depends on the improvement of production efficiency, and the important factor determining production efficiency is labor force: the quality of labor force directly determines the production efficiency." Therefore, the Japanese government in the increase in education at the same time, two times put forward a foreign student policy. As a developing country, China's economy is not as developed as Japan's, but it also has its own unique advantages, such as adequate population, solid basic education and so on. So we should draw lessons from Japan's success. Based on the methods of reading library materials and field investigation, this paper makes a comparative analysis and summary of the data collected, and analyzes the background, process, reasons and so on of the policy of Japanese students studying abroad. This paper mainly discusses the policy of 100000 foreign students and 300000 foreign students put forward successively by Japan, and then combines with the actual situation of our country, and draws the points that our country can use for reference. Japan as a developed country, education plays a great role in the national economic development, and the international students are the important environment for talent competition in the new century. As a developing country, while learning from the successful experience of Japanese foreign students, China should, in the process of globalization competition, choose a route suitable for the protection of talents and the competition for talents.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G648.9

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