文化交融理念下新疆高校“民汉合班”班级精神文化研究

发布时间：2018-11-28 20:52

【摘要】：“民汉合班”的学生来自不同的民族,具有丰富的民族文化背景,但是“民汉合班”又是一个以主流文化为核心的教育体系,民族文化的价值彰显受到较大的挑战。更好地促进不同民族文化的深度融合与良性互动,既是“民汉合班”发展的迫切需要,也是提升民族地区高校教育内涵品质的重要路径。“民汉合班”班级精神文化建设是促进主流文化、少数民族文化和汉民族文化三重文化和谐交融的主要途径,肩负着传承和发展民族文化的重要使命。文化交融是不同民族文化的一个相互交往与融合的过程。在多元文化背景下,其所包含的异质共存、传承创新、共同发展等丰富内涵,在理论上为研究“民汉合班”班级精神文化提供了新的视角,在实践上为如何更好地促进“民汉合班”学生所具有的不同民族文化的深度融合与良性互动提供了新思路。文化交融理念下的“民汉合班”班级精神文化具有丰富的意涵,主要是指不同民族学生群体文化之间的和谐交融,具体表现为文化交融导向的班级目标,倡导民族团结的班级舆论,和谐融洽的班级人际关系,彰显民族特色的班级活动。以文化交融为核心理念构建“民汉合班”班级精神文化,有助于促进多元文化对话与理解,有助于激发学生的民族认同感和民族自豪感,有助于进一步优化班级管理,有助于培养学生的跨文化适应能力。本研究主要采取问卷调查法,对新疆实行“民汉一体化”教学改革的三所高校进行调研,站在文化交融视角审视当前新疆高校“民汉合班”班级精神文化建设的现状。通过数据分析发现,不同民族文化在“民汉合班”班级精神文化中未得到足够的重视和彰显。其中,班级目标对不同民族文化和谐发展的引导性不强;班级舆论导向尊重与理解不同民族文化,但却仍存在些许不和谐的声音;班级成员人际交往对象广泛、关系融洽,但仍然存在因文化差异而发生的冲突事件;班级活动形式多样,各民族同学参与性较高,但缺乏文化引领,不同民族文化展示活动较少。研究还发现,不同高校“民汉合班”在班级目标、班级舆论、班级人际关系和班级活动四个维度中均存在极显著差异;不同年级“民汉合班”在班级目标上存在显著差异,在班级舆论、班级人际关系和班级活动上均不存在显著差异。根据以上现状分析,基于文化交融理念,研究者从学校、班主任、学生三个层面提出建设新疆高校“民汉合班”班级精神文化的思考与建议。首先,学校应成为推动“民汉合班”班级精神文化建设的“主导者”;其次,班主任应成为推动“民汉合班”班级精神文化建设的“主力军”;最后,应充分发挥学生在“民汉合班”班级精神文化建设中的“主体”作用。
[Abstract]:The students come from different nationalities and have rich national culture background. However, it is also an educational system with the mainstream culture as the core, and the value of the national culture is greatly challenged. It is not only the urgent need of the development of the "people and Han" to better promote the deep integration and benign interaction of different ethnic cultures, but also the important path to improve the quality of higher education in ethnic minority areas. The construction of spiritual culture in the class of "people and Han combined classes" is the main way to promote the harmonious blending of mainstream culture, minority culture and Han nationality culture, and shoulder the important mission of inheriting and developing national culture. Cultural blending is a process of interaction and fusion of different cultures. Under the background of multiculturalism, it contains rich connotations of heterogeneity coexistence, inheritance and innovation, common development and so on, which provides a new perspective for the study of the class spirit culture of the "people and Han classes" in theory. In practice, it provides a new idea for how to better promote the deep integration and benign interaction of the different national cultures of the students in the "Min-Han Joint Class". The class spirit culture of "people and Han combined classes" under the concept of cultural blending has rich meanings, mainly refers to the harmonious blending between the cultures of different ethnic groups of students, which is embodied in the class goal guided by cultural blending. Advocating class public opinion of national unity, harmonious class interpersonal relations, class activities with national characteristics. To construct the spirit culture of class with the core idea of cultural blending is helpful to promote multicultural dialogue and understanding, to stimulate students' national identity and national pride, and to further optimize the class management. It helps to cultivate students' ability to adapt to cross-culture. This research mainly adopts the questionnaire survey method, carries on the investigation to the Xinjiang "the people and the Chinese integration" the teaching reform three universities, from the cultural blending angle of view examines the present Xinjiang university "the people and the Chinese union class" the class spirit culture construction present situation. Through the analysis of data, it is found that different ethnic cultures have not been paid enough attention to and displayed in the spirit culture of the class. Among them, the class goal is not a strong guide to the harmonious development of different ethnic cultures, the class public opinion leads to respect and understanding of different national cultures, but there are still some discordant voices. Class members have a wide range of interpersonal objects and harmonious relationships, but there are still conflicts due to cultural differences; Class activities are diverse, the students of different nationalities are more participatory, but lack of cultural guidance, the activities of different ethnic cultures are less. It is also found that there are significant differences among the four dimensions of class goal, class public opinion, class interpersonal relationship and class activity in different colleges and universities. There are significant differences in class goals among different grades, but there are no significant differences in class public opinion, class interpersonal relationships and class activities. According to the analysis of the present situation above, based on the concept of cultural blending, the researcher puts forward some thoughts and suggestions on the construction of the class spirit culture in Xinjiang universities from three levels: school, class teacher and student. First of all, the school should become the "dominant force" to promote the spiritual and cultural construction of the class, secondly, the head teacher should become the "main force" to promote the spiritual and cultural construction of the class. Finally, we should give full play to the role of students in the spiritual and cultural construction of the class.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G641

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