政府治理工具视角下的教育券研究

发布时间：2018-07-21 18:17

【摘要】：政府治理工具将实质目标转化为目标行动的路径,没有这种工具就无法实现这个目标,政府想对教育实现效率型目标的经费的使用,公平的目标就影响到其采用的设计。这就是一种政策工具,为了实现政府教育经费使用不同目标的一种工具。教育券就是一种治理工具。在世界教育改革进程中,教育券及其制度已然成为人们尝试改革的一个突破口和重要途径。教育券理论与实践的发展也表明,教育券作为一种具体的市场化工具,在教育改革和政府治理方面具有独特的功能与作用。教育券所反映的市场化自由选择趋势和其对教育公平与效率的体现,以及政府在教育市场化改革中的职能和治理工具的调整都彰显出教育券及其制度具有强大的生命力。然而,不同的历史背景、社会制度、政治文化等决定着教育券制度实施的模式与成效,也在一定程度上会影响教育改革的方式与路径。我国虽对教育券制进行了有益地尝试,但如何使教育券与中国的具体国情相适切以促进当前的教育改革仍是目前亟待解决的重大问题。本文内容分为四个部分：第一部分是教育券研究的学理基础探究,在弄清“教育券”涵义的基础上,找出支撑和展开论题研究的相关理论依据；第二部分概括了教育券制度的三种模式和一般运行机制,明晰教育券制作为政府治理工具的内在运转机理；第三部分是美国与中国教育券制度实施的状况分析,并从政府治理工具使用角度对两国的教育券制度进行了比较与总结；第四部分思考教育券制及其对中国教育改革的启示,提出我国教育改革应以政府投入公平和效率的平衡为导向,以等级制度与市场的动态平衡为前提,以推进提供机制的市场化改革为重点,以强化政府责任及其治理能力为保障。
[Abstract]:The government governance tool transforms the substantive goal into the path of the target action, without which the goal can not be achieved. The government wants to use the funds to achieve the efficiency goal of education, and the fair goal will affect the design of the goal. This is a policy tool, a tool that uses different goals to achieve government funding for education. Educational voucher is a kind of governance tool. In the process of education reform in the world, educational voucher and its system have become a breakthrough and an important way for people to try to reform. The development of educational voucher theory and practice also shows that educational voucher as a specific market-oriented tool has a unique function and role in educational reform and government governance. The free choice trend of marketization reflected by educational voucher and its embodiment of educational fairness and efficiency, as well as the adjustment of government functions and governance tools in the reform of education marketization, all show that educational voucher and its system have strong vitality. However, different historical background, social system, political culture and so on determine the mode and effect of the implementation of educational voucher system, and also affect the way and path of educational reform to a certain extent. Although our country has made a beneficial attempt on the education voucher system, how to make the education voucher appropriate to China's specific national conditions in order to promote the current education reform is still an important problem to be solved. The content of this paper is divided into four parts: the first part is the theoretical foundation of educational voucher research. On the basis of understanding the meaning of "educational voucher", the author finds out the relevant theoretical basis to support and launch the research on education voucher. The second part summarizes the three modes and the general operating mechanism of the education voucher system, and clarifies the internal operating mechanism of the educational voucher system as the government governance tool, the third part is the analysis of the status of the implementation of the education voucher system in the United States and China. And from the perspective of the use of government governance tools to compare and summarize the educational voucher system between the two countries, the fourth part is about the educational voucher system and its enlightenment to the education reform in China. It is pointed out that the education reform of our country should be guided by the balance of government input fairness and efficiency, take the dynamic balance between the rank system and the market as the premise, focus on promoting the market-oriented reform of the supply mechanism, and strengthen the government responsibility and its governance ability as the guarantee.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G521

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