高贵的爱弥尔:卢梭的教育样板

发布时间：2019-03-07 17:20

【摘要】：卢梭政治哲学的一个重要主题,是以自然状态作为参照系,从根本上探寻人道层面内人性自由与幸福朝向自然状态可能达到的最高限度,从而展示出一个样板人生。为此,卢梭开始了两个方面的宏大规划:一方面,通过公意社会的设计,旨在实现普遍的自由;另一方面,卢梭开始爱弥尔的教育方案,以预防自由社会的普遍堕落。不过,爱弥尔并非要通过教育培养成一个自然状态中的自然人,而是要成为一个处在公民社会内又独立于社会意见外的自足与幸福的人,一个区别于哲人、基督徒和好公民的高贵的人,以纠正公意社会可能出现的低等人的普遍统治。尽管爱弥尔的教育成功存在很多偶然,但这并不重要,重要的是我们需要保持卢梭式的追问,保持哲学的探索。
[Abstract]:An important theme of Rousseau's political philosophy is to take the state of nature as a frame of reference, to explore fundamentally the maximum possible limits of human freedom and happiness towards the state of nature in the level of humanity, and thus to show a model life. To this end, Rousseau began two grand plans: on the one hand, through the design of a public society, with the aim of achieving universal freedom; on the other hand, Rousseau began to love Mille's educational programme in order to prevent the universal degradation of a free society. However, Amir is not intended to be a natural person in a natural state through education, but rather to be a self-sufficient and happy person in civil society independent of the views of society, a person who is different from a philosopher, Christians and the noble people of good citizens to correct the universal rule of the lower class that may appear in public society. Although the success of Emile's education is a lot of chance, it is not important that we need to maintain Rousseau-style questioning and philosophical exploration.
【作者单位】：深圳市教育科学研究院;
【基金】：全国教育科学“十一五”规划2009年度教育部规划课题“普通高中人才培养模式改革”(课题编号:FFB090643)的研究成果之一
【分类号】：G40-02

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