认知行为疗法对ADHD儿童的干预效果研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 22:39

本文选题：ADHD儿童　切入点：认知行为疗法　出处：《新疆师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：注意力缺陷多动障碍(Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder，ADHD)是一种儿童时期发病的精神类疾病，共分为三种亚型，包括注意缺陷型、多动—冲动型和混合型。本研究共分为两个部分，第一部分为乌鲁木齐市头屯河区ADHD流行病学调查。主要采用DSM-IV诊断卷和家庭情况调查表对头屯河区三所小学进行ADHD筛查，并探讨影响其发病的主要因素。第二部分选择三种亚型共6名ADHD儿童进行团体治疗。本研究在以往认知-行为疗法的基础上增加了基础认知训练，因此整个训练分为两个阶段。第一阶段为基础认知训练（注意力基础训练）共计15次，主要从视觉和听觉两方面入手。第二阶段自我控制训练（问题解决训练）共计7次，主要锻炼儿童“先思后行”的能力。采用数字化消测验，Conners教师及家长问卷，Vanderbilt教师及家长问卷，在治疗前、第一阶段治疗完成后、第二阶段治疗完成后对患儿进行评定，，通过患儿治疗各期前后评定对比，探讨增加基础注意力训练的认知行为疗法对ADHD儿童的治疗效果及对不同性别、亚型的疗效特点。结果如下：（1）DSM-IV问卷中ADHD的检出率为11.3%，以注意缺陷型为主，男性高于女性，比例为1.9:1，且年龄差异不显著。（2）父母的文化程度与DSM-IV问卷中ADHD检出率有关，文化程度越高,检出率越低。（3）采用增加基础认知训练后的认知行为疗法对三种亚型的ADHD儿童的核心症状具有显著的改善作用。（4）采用增加基础认知训练后的认知行为疗法对混合型儿童治疗效果最好，多动-冲动型效果其次，注意力缺陷型效果最差。（5）采用增加基础认知训练后的认知行为疗法对男性患儿治疗效果比女性患儿治疗效果更好。
[Abstract]:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental disorder in childhood. It is divided into three subtypes, including attention deficit, hyperactivity and impulsive, and mixed type. This study is divided into two parts. The first part is the epidemiological investigation of ADHD in Toutunhe district of Urumqi. ADHD screening was carried out in three primary schools in Toutunhe district by using DSM-IV diagnostic roll and family information questionnaire. The main factors affecting the disease were also discussed. In the second part, 6 children with ADHD were selected for group therapy in three subtypes. In this study, basic cognitive training was added to the previous cognitive-behavioral therapy. So the whole training is divided into two stages. The first stage is basic cognitive training (basic attention training) for 15 times, mainly from the visual and auditory aspects, the second stage self-control training (problem-solving training) a total of 7 times, The teachers and parents of Conners and parents questionnaire were used to evaluate the children before treatment, after the first stage of treatment and after the second stage of treatment, and then to evaluate the children before treatment, after the first stage of treatment, and after the completion of the second stage of treatment. The effect of cognitive behavioral therapy with basic attention training on children with ADHD was compared before and after treatment. The results are as follows:. The detection rate of ADHD in DSM-IV questionnaire was 11.30.The attention deficit type was the main type. The proportion of male was higher than that of female (1.9: 1), and the age difference was not significant. 2) the educational level of parents is related to the detection rate of ADHD in DSM-IV questionnaire. The higher the level of education is, the lower the detection rate is. (3) Cognitive behavioral therapy with increased basic cognitive training can significantly improve the core symptoms of three subtypes of ADHD children. (4) the effect of cognitive behavior therapy after increasing basic cognitive training was the best for mixed children, followed by hyperactivity and impulsive effect, and attention deficit type was the worst. 5) the effect of cognitive behavior therapy on male children is better than that of female children.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G448

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