唐彪《家塾教学法》的读写思想及其当代意义

发布时间：2018-07-06 12:01

本文选题：唐彪 + 家塾教学法　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：唐彪是我国明末清初著名的蒙学教育家、语文教学法家，曾任武林（今杭州）学官，后退居归田，整理著述，传世的有《家塾教学法》和《身易》。《家塾教学法》是《父师善诱法》和《读书作文谱》的合刻本，是唐彪借鉴历代教学法的精髓，吸收朱熹、欧阳修等人的教学观并结合自己的实践经验辑著而成的语录体著作。本文以唐彪的《家塾教学法》为研究对象，重点挖掘其读写思想，希望通过对本书的分析和研究可以使《家塾教学法》这样一部兼具理论性和实用性的著作为更多的人所熟知。本文把唐彪的读写思想与当今语文教育教学的实际相结合，以期为当今语文教学的改革提供借鉴，为语文教学提供指导。同时，希望本书的研究可以带动更多的教育研究者关注古代语文教育思想，并能从中汲取精华运用到教学实践中去。本文采用文献法、内容分析法和经验总结法等研究方法，从唐彪的《家塾教学法》中总结了其阅读和写作方面的思想，并结合当今语文教育的现状为语文教育教学提供理论和方法的借鉴。《家塾教学法》的阅读思想包括阅读环境、阅读对象、阅读目标和阅读原则等四个方面。唐彪十分重视阅读环境的选择，他认为阅读需要内心的“静”和师友的辅助；阅读应精选阅读教材，家长和教师要为学生购觅“好书”；阅读应以“极熟能解，消化吸收”为目标；阅读应结合实际，灵活运用适合自身特点的阅读方法（唐彪提出了博约结合、分类读书、分日致功、优游渐积、熟读精思、略读会意、质疑问难和切磋交流等八种阅读方法）。《家塾教学法》的写作思想包括“读写结合，以读促写”、“文章要多做”、“文章宜多改”、“文章需一题多做”、“文章必细研作法”等五个方面。其中“读写结合，以读促写”是其写作的基础论，后四项则属于写作方法论的范畴。作为教学经验和方法的总结，唐彪的读写思想对当今的语文教育教学具有借鉴意义：在阅读教学方面，教师和学生应充分认识阅读的重要性，，构建适宜的阅读环境，养成良好的阅读习惯，明确阅读目标，精选阅读材料，掌握阅读方法；在写作教学方面，教师要强化学生的写作意识，有计划地训练学生的写作技能，并重视作文的批改。
[Abstract]:Tang Biao is a famous Mongolian educator in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, who taught Chinese as a teacher. He served as a Wulin (now Hangzhou) academic official, and then retired to return to the field to organize his writings. "Jiazu Teaching method" and "easy body Teaching method" have been handed down from one generation to another. "Jiazu Teaching method" is a combined engraving of "Father and teacher's good luring method" and "Reading composition Spectrum", which is the quintessence of Tang Biao's teaching method for drawing lessons from past dynasties and absorbing Zhu Xi. Ouyang Xiu et al.'s teaching view combined with his own practical experience of the compilation of quotations. This paper focuses on the reading and writing thoughts of Tang Biao's "Family School Teaching method", and hopes that through the analysis and study of this book, the author can make this book a work of both theory and practicability well known to more people. This paper combines the thought of reading and writing of Tang Biao with the reality of Chinese teaching in order to provide reference for the reform of Chinese teaching and guidance for Chinese teaching. At the same time, it is hoped that the research of this book will lead more educational researchers to pay attention to the ancient Chinese educational thought and apply the essence from it to the teaching practice. In this paper, using the methods of literature, content analysis and experience summarization, the author summarizes his thoughts on reading and writing from Tang Biao's "School Teaching method". Combined with the present situation of Chinese education, it can be used for reference in theory and method. The reading thought of "Jiazu Teaching method" includes four aspects: reading environment, reading object, reading goal and reading principle. Tang Biao attaches great importance to the choice of reading environment, he believes that reading needs inner "quiet" and teachers' assistance; reading should be selected reading materials, parents and teachers should buy "good books" for students; reading should be "very familiar with the ability to understand." Digesting and absorbing "should be the goal, reading should be combined with reality, flexible use of reading methods suitable for their own characteristics (Tang Biao put forward the combination of contract, classification of reading, day to day, excellent travel gradually accumulated, read, skim, read, read. The writing ideas of the "Jiazu Teaching method" include "combining reading and writing, promoting reading and writing", "doing more articles", "articles should be improved more", "articles need one question to do more", "the article must study the method" and so on five aspects. Among them, the combination of reading and writing and the promotion of reading and writing are the basic theories of his writing, while the latter four belong to the category of writing methodology. As a summary of teaching experience and method, Tang Biao's reading and writing thought has reference significance to Chinese teaching nowadays: in reading teaching, teachers and students should fully understand the importance of reading, and construct a suitable reading environment. In writing teaching, teachers should strengthen students' writing consciousness, train students' writing skills in a planned way, and attach importance to composition correction.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G40-092

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