梅耶多媒体教学设计10条原则:依托媒体技术实现意义学习

发布时间：2018-01-18 02:00

本文关键词：梅耶多媒体教学设计10条原则:依托媒体技术实现意义学习　出处：《现代远程教育研究》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：多媒体学习是一种知识建构过程,需要遵循人类学习的三条基本原则,即双向通道原则、容量有限原则和主动加工原则。多媒体教学设计应该尽量减少外在认知加工,善用必要认知加工和促进生成认知加工。具体来说,就是要在教学中落实好聚焦要义、提示结构、控制冗余、空间临近、时间临近、切块呈现、预先准备、双重通道、多种媒体、个性显现、原音呈现和形象在屏等具体原则,以此做到依托技术实现意义学习。就运用技术促进学习这一主张而言,国际著名学者的切入点并不相同,加涅主张运用媒体技术主要是为了更好地配合不同学习结果的教学以及不同的教学情境,乔纳森主张采用媒体技术主要是为了在建构主义学习环境中帮助学习者获得更多自己需要的信息、完成内部协商和外部协商,而梅耶主张运用媒体技术旨在从双重通道认知加工——主动选择、组织和整合信息(其中包括语词与画面)的视角帮助学习者更好地理解知识并最终实现意义学习。因此,从这一意义来说,梅耶的多媒体技术理论对加涅的媒体技术理论实现了跨越式发展,也为乔纳森的媒体技术理论提供了一种新的视角。
[Abstract]:Multimedia learning is a process of knowledge construction, which needs to follow the three basic principles of human learning, that is, the principle of two-way channels. The principle of limited capacity and active processing. Multimedia teaching design should minimize external cognitive processing, make good use of necessary cognitive processing and promote generative cognitive processing. Is to implement the focus in the teaching structure, control redundancy, the approach of space, time approaching, block presentation, preparation, dual channels, multiple media, personality manifestation. Original sound presentation and image in the screen and other specific principles, so as to rely on technology to achieve meaningful learning. On the use of technology to promote learning, the breakthrough point of international famous scholars is not the same. Gagne advocates the use of media technology mainly in order to better match the teaching of different learning results as well as different teaching situations. Jonathan advocates the adoption of media technology to help learners obtain more information they need and to complete internal and external consultations in a constructivist learning environment. Meyer argues that the use of media technology is aimed at cognitive processing from dual channels-active choice. The perspective of organizing and integrating information, which includes words and pictures, helps learners better understand knowledge and ultimately achieve meaningful learning. Meyer's theory of multimedia technology has achieved a leapfrog development of Gagne's theory of media technology, and has also provided a new perspective for Jonathan's theory of media technology.
【作者单位】：杭州医学院通识教学部;浙江大学教育学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究“十三五”规划项目“学习科学视域下教学设计理论发展研究”(16YA880033)
【分类号】：G434
【正文快照】： 学习者的学习不应只局限于知识的保持,更重要的是要具备问题解决和迁移能力,即学习者须对所学材料主动进行选择、组织以及整合,理解所学知识,并将所学知识的一般原理迁移到新的情境中以解决新问题,从而实现意义学习。教师则须为学习者创设学习环境,提供学习经验,使其能有效利

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