“教育权利”vs.“大城市

发布时间：2018-01-20 09:20

本文关键词： 教育权利大城市病生存教育流动儿童教育获得　出处：《社会学评论》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪以来,随着"两为主"政策的逐步落实,确保流动儿童在流入地平等地享有教育权利这一目标正在逐步实现。但与此同时,为了消除人口持续集中带来的"大城市病",教育正在逐渐成为近两年特大城市严控人口的政策选择。这种不同政策体系的目标冲突,带来了特大城市流动儿童教育获得中的现实困境。基于2015年11月至2016年6月在北京市进行的针对打工子弟小学和公办小学的流动儿童及家庭的经验性研究,本文旨在对特大城市流动儿童教育获得的影响因素及动态关系,不同政策体系的实际演绎过程,以及教育困境的具体作用机制进行剖析和阐释。研究发现,在存在不同政策体系目标冲突的情况下,地方政府在具体政策实施中进行了趋利避害的理性选择,打工子弟小学的流动儿童由于"人(学)籍分离","钱随人走"政策很难实现;公办小学的流动儿童虽可享受到教育政策福利,但教育机会的获得有诸多限制。这种教育不平等的出现,是国家教育公平政策、国家新型城镇化政策、特大城市可持续发展、个体家庭背景及社会资本在实践中综合作用的结果。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, with the gradual implementation of the "two-dominant" policy, the goal of ensuring the equal enjoyment of the right to education by migrant children in the displaced places is gradually being realized, but at the same time. In order to eliminate the "big city disease" brought by the continuous concentration of population, education is gradually becoming the policy choice of controlling the population strictly in the last two years. This kind of target conflict of different policy system. Based on the situation of migrant children and their families in Beijing from November 2015 to June 2016, migrant children and families of migrant children and public primary schools. Empirical research. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and explain the influence factors and dynamic relationship of migrant children's education in megacities, the actual deductive process of different policy systems, and the concrete mechanism of educational predicament. In the case of the conflict of objectives of different policy systems, the local government has carried out rational choice of seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages in the implementation of specific policies. The migrant children in the working children's primary school are separated from each other because of "the separation of people (learning) and nationality". "money with others" policy is difficult to achieve; Although floating children in public primary schools can enjoy the benefits of education policy, there are many restrictions on the access to educational opportunities. The emergence of this kind of education inequality is the national educational equity policy and the new urbanization policy. The sustainable development of megacities, individual family background and social capital play a comprehensive role in practice.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学社会与人口学院;国务院发展研究中心社会发展研究部;中国人民大学社会学系;北京大学人口研究所;
【基金】：教育部人文社科重点基地重大课题“新型城市化中的社会矛盾与治理创新”(项目编号:16JJD840014) 国务院发展研究中心课题“北京流动儿童的教育与需求研究”的阶段性成果
【分类号】：G521
【正文快照】： 一、问题的提出改革开放后特别是20世纪90年代以来,随着大规模农村人口进城务工经商,随迁子女即流动儿童(1)的数量日趋增多。2010年第六次全国人口普查时,我国流动儿童约为3 610万人,留守儿童约为6 973万人,两者数量之和过亿,占全国儿童总数的38%(段成荣,2015)。流动儿童的绝

【相似文献】