中学生吸烟行为的现状及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 13:08

本文关键词： 青少年吸烟行为拒烟效能同伴影响学校氛围　出处：《扬州大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：青少年的吸烟行为逐步成为严重的青少年问题之一,由吸烟这一行为引发的其他问题如酗酒、吸毒等一些其他危害青少年身心健康的问题行为也逐渐出现。近年来,世界各国加大了对青少年吸烟行为的关注力度。调查显示青少年的吸烟率正在不断上升,并且有日趋年轻化的趋势,这一现象正逐步引起心理与教育领域工作者的关注。当前,对青少年戒烟吸烟行为的研究大多集中在西方国家,我国对青少年吸烟情况的研究相对薄弱。我国作为世界上最大的香烟生产国,人口众多,吸烟的人数自然也不在少数,吸烟的青少年也在绝对数量上在世界吸烟青少年中占到很大比重。但各国文化背景不同,因此对青少年吸烟行为的影响因素也不尽相同,再加上在我国的传统教育下,并不是所有吸烟的青少年都愿意承认自己吸烟,甚至学校的老师都不会承认学校有学生吸烟。因此,这方面的研究是很有意义的也是有难度的。本研究主要从青少年的吸烟行为和吸烟量来研究青少年吸烟行为的现状,并具体从家庭环境、重要他人吸烟态度、吸烟自我认知、拒烟自我效能、自尊等方面探究影响青少年吸烟行为的因素,通过对这些数据的分析探究哪些因素是影响青少年的吸烟行为最重要的因素,并通过结论得到有效预防青少年吸烟的方法,和帮助吸烟青少年戒烟的途径。本研究采取分层整群取样法,选取扬州市六所重点及普通学校的初一到高三的学生,共1748名学生,发放问卷,有效问卷1444份,有效问卷率82.6%。研究结果显示吸烟行为呈现出低龄化倾向,在男女性别、年龄、学校环境、家庭状况上存在显著差异。影响吸烟行为的因素很多,个人因素、家庭环境、学校环境、社会交往等等都是影响中学生吸烟行为的重要方面,尤其是家庭环境和社会交往影响最大。针对调查结果,建议：家长要树立模范榜样作用,减少在孩子面前吸烟的频率,净化校园环境,努力创建无烟校园,控制教职工在校的吸烟情况。开设心理健康教育课,普及吸烟危害健康的认知,并提高中学生的拒烟自我效能,培养学生自尊心。
[Abstract]:The smoking behavior of young people has gradually become one of the serious problems among teenagers. Other problems caused by smoking, such as alcohol abuse, drug abuse, and other problems affecting the physical and mental health of young people, have emerged gradually in recent years. Countries all over the world have increased their attention to the smoking behavior of young people. The survey shows that the smoking rate of young people is constantly rising and has a trend of getting younger and younger. This phenomenon is gradually attracting the attention of workers in the field of psychology and education. At present, Most of the studies on the smoking cessation behavior of young people are concentrated in western countries, but the study on the situation of adolescent smoking in China is relatively weak. As the largest producer of cigarettes in the world, China has a large population, and the number of smokers is naturally not in the minority. The number of teenagers who smoke also accounts for a large proportion of the world's young smokers in absolute numbers. However, because of the different cultural backgrounds in different countries, the factors that affect the smoking behavior of young people are also different. In addition, under the traditional education in our country, Not all teenagers who smoke are willing to admit that they smoke, and even the teachers of the school do not admit that there are students who smoke in the school. This research is meaningful and difficult. This study mainly studies the current situation of adolescent smoking behavior from the perspective of the smoking behavior and the amount of smoking, and specifically from the family environment, important other people's smoking attitude, smoking self-awareness. Self-efficacy, self-esteem and other factors affecting adolescent smoking behavior were explored. Through the analysis of these data, we explored which factors are the most important factors affecting adolescent smoking behavior. In this study, stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1748 students from first to third grade in six key schools in Yangzhou. There were 1444 valid questionnaires and 82.6 effective questionnaires. The results showed that smoking behavior showed a tendency of younger age, and there were significant differences in sex, age, school environment and family status between men and women. There were many factors influencing smoking behavior. Personal factors, family environment, school environment, social interaction and so on are all important aspects that affect smoking behavior of middle school students, especially the family environment and social interaction. In view of the results of the investigation, it is suggested that parents should set an exemplary role model. To reduce the frequency of smoking in front of children, to purify the campus environment, to create a smokeless campus, to control the smoking situation of teaching staff, to set up a mental health education course, and to popularize the cognition that smoking is harmful to health. And improve the self-efficacy of middle school students smoke rejection, cultivate students self-esteem.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G444

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