网络学习环境下学习者认知负荷优化研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 04:26

本文关键词： 网络学习环境认知负荷优化策略影响因素实验研究　出处：《西南科技大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着大规模在线开放课程(MOOC)的迅速发展与应用,移动学习的进一步发展,翻转课堂理念的提出,网络学习环境已经成为一种全新的学习平台,网络学习也逐渐成为众多高校、企业培养学习者的一种有效方式。但网络学习环境下影响学习者认知效率与效果的因素日益增多,较传统学习环境,网络学习环境具有更多的不确定性、隐蔽性等特征,学习者在网络学习环境下进行学习所面临的困境更加突出。目前,国内外学者关于传统学习环境下学习者认知负荷影响因素、认知负荷测量以及优化控制方面做过不少实证研究,但关于网络学习环境下学习者认知负荷优化方面的研究还是很少涉及。本研究综合采用了文献法、调查法和实验法等相关研究方法。首先通过文献查阅,明晰了当下认知负荷理论的研究现状,网络学习环境的最新进展;其次,在认知负荷理论的指导下,通过对398名网络学习者以及多名网络教育一线工作者展开网络调研和访谈,探析了当下网络学习者认知负荷的影响因素,并在此基础上提出了通过先行组织者策略、模块化策略、冗余信息排除策略、ARCS模型设计策略、认知活动转移策略等优化网络学习者认知负荷的策略方法,并形成了两种网络学习者认知负荷优化模型。最后,通过实验研究,验证了先行组织者策略、排除冗余策略以及ARCS模型设计策略的现实可行性。据此,为提升网络学习环境中学习者的学习效率,促进学习者在网络学习环境中更好地学习提供一些启示。具体来说,本研究所得出的结论主要包括:(1)网络学习环境下对于较难材料的学习,在学习者开始正式学习之前提供一定的先行组织者有利于降低学习者内部认知负荷,从而有利于学习者的学习,对学习者学习成绩的提高具有促进作用;但对于较容易的学习材料,提供先行组织者与否对学习者的学习结果并无显著影响,甚至在学习成绩方面具有一定的阻碍作用。(2)网络学习环境下,在较难知识的学习上,通过向网络学习环境中植入背景音乐,则对学习者的学习起到明显的阻碍作用,但当网络学习者学习较为简单的知识时这种阻碍作用并不明显。(3)网络学习环境下通过ARCS模型设计,即通过创建微信公众号平台、微信群、QQ群、为优秀学习者颁发证书以及组织学习者进行实地考察等方式能够激励网络学习者的学习动机,提高其学习兴趣,进而优化网络学习者学习时的相关认知负荷。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development and application of the large-scale online open curriculum, the further development of mobile learning and the putting forward of the concept of flipping classroom, the web-based learning environment has become a new learning platform, and e-learning has gradually become a lot of colleges and universities. Enterprise is an effective way to cultivate learners. However, the factors that affect learners' cognitive efficiency and effect are increasing in the web-based learning environment. Compared with the traditional learning environment, the web-based learning environment is characterized by more uncertainty and concealment. At present, scholars at home and abroad are concerned about the factors affecting learners' cognitive load in traditional learning environment. There have been many empirical studies on cognitive load measurement and optimization control, but there are few researches on cognitive load optimization in web-based learning environment. First of all, through literature review, the current research status of cognitive load theory and the latest progress of network learning environment are clarified. Secondly, under the guidance of cognitive load theory, Through the network investigation and interview of 398 network learners and many network education front-line workers, this paper probes into the influencing factors of the current network learners' cognitive load, and puts forward the strategy of the leading organizer on this basis. Modular strategies, redundant information exclusion strategies, ARCS model design strategies, cognitive activity transfer strategies and other strategies to optimize the cognitive load of network learners, and formed two kinds of network learners cognitive load optimization model. Through experimental research, the feasibility of the strategy of leading organizer, eliminating redundancy and designing ARCS model is verified. Therefore, in order to improve the learning efficiency of learners in web-based learning environment, To promote learners to learn better in the web-based learning environment provides some enlightenment. Specifically, the conclusions of this study mainly include the learning of more difficult materials in the web-based learning environment. It is helpful to reduce the cognitive load of learners and improve their academic achievement by providing a certain advance organizer before the learners begin to learn formally. However, for easier learning materials, the provision of advance organizers has no significant impact on learners' learning results, and even has a certain hindrance in learning achievement. (2) in the network learning environment, it is difficult to learn knowledge. By implanting background music into the online learning environment, it has an obvious hindrance to learners' learning. However, this hindrance is not obvious when online learners learn simple knowledge.) under the network learning environment, ARCS model is used to design, that is, by creating Official account platform, WeChat group and QQgroup. Issuing certificates to excellent learners and organizing learners to conduct field visits can stimulate the learning motivation of online learners, increase their interest in learning, and then optimize the related cognitive load of online learners.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G434

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