大学生关于企业家的日常概念

发布时间：2018-03-18 02:21

本文选题：企业家　切入点：日常概念　出处：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济发展加快,企业家在社会经济发展中的作用也备受关注。大学生是未来创业的主力军,是青年人中的精英群体,企业家形象对于立志自主创业的青年人具有不可替代的榜样引导作用,了解大学生心目中关于企业家的日常概念不仅可以概括当前文化环境下企业家概念的时代特征,帮助准确地预测大学生的创业行为,而且也可以为当前在高等院校中广泛开展的创业教育提供基础信息。本研究旨在探讨大学生关于企业家的日常概念,并围绕此目标设计4个研究。首先采用开放式问题调查总结出概括企业家特征的词汇(研究1);然后根据被试对这些词汇的重要程度评分,定量区分企业家概念的中心特征与周边特征(研究2);接着采用三个子研究验证企业家中心特征与周边特征的划分(研究3),包括运用反应时范式考察被试对中心/周边特征词的反应时与错误率(研究3a),运用记忆材料考察被试对中心/周边特征词的真实记忆与错误记忆成绩(研究3b),以及考察中心/周边/中性三类特征词能够激活关于企业家联想的程度(研究3c);最后通过比较与科学家及领导者在这些特征上的差异,进一步证实大学生心目中关于企业家特有的日常概念(研究4)。本研究主要结论如下:1.大学生通常主要运用34个特征词来描述他们心目中的企业家,即大学生关于企业家的日常概念由34个特征词构成(研究1)。2.大学生关于企业家的日常概念由中心特征和周边特征两部分构成,它们又各包括有17个特征词。中心特征词有:把握机遇、自信、执行力、领导力强、善于交际、勤奋、果断有魄力、沉着、远见卓识、有雄心、坚韧、严谨、创新、智慧、灵活变通、积极向上、责任心;周边特征词有:敢于冒险、成功、大气、有气场、道德诚信、忙碌操劳、有钱、慈善、利益至上、节俭、西装革履、男性、有家庭背景、其貌不扬、年龄大、不择手段、虚荣浮躁(研究2)。3.相对于周边特征,大学生根据中心特征来判断企业家的错误率更低,而且判断的速度更快,说明中心特征词在企业家概念中更具核心地位和中心性(研究3a)。4.大学生对中心特征词的正确回忆数低于周边特征,而且回忆错误率不存在显著差异,大学生对中心特征与周边特征的正确再认数也不存在显著差异。但对于错误记忆,中心特征词的错误回忆与错误再认数均高于周边特征,说明大学生是基于对企业家深层次的理解来概括企业家特征的(研究3b)。5.当使用中心特征词来描述目标对象时,被试最容易将该目标对象识别为企业家,使用周边特征描述目标对象时次之,当使用无关特征描述目标对象时,被试将该对象识别为企业家的程度最低,说明中心特征词相较于周边特征词更能激活大学生关于企业家的联想(研究3c)。5.使用研究1总结出来的34个特征词为探测词,评价企业家、科学家、领导者的相符程度,在有钱、其貌不扬、虚荣浮躁、自信、执行力、领导力强、勤奋、沉着、远见卓识、严谨、大气、有气场、道德诚信、忙碌操劳、节俭、有家庭背景等16个特征上企业家与领导者明显不同;在把握机遇、领导力强、善于交际、有钱、利益至上、西装革履、不择手段、勤奋、严谨、道德诚信、节俭等11个特征上企业家与科学家明显不同。说明大学生关于企业家的日常概念明显不同于科学家与领导者,这三种成功人士在概念上具有清晰的边界及交叉(研究4)。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of economic development and function of the entrepreneur in the social and economic development is also of concern. College students are the main force in the future business, young people in the elite group, entrepreneur image plays an irreplaceable role in entrepreneurship to lead by example for young people, everyday concepts about entrepreneurs in the eyes of college students can not only summarize solutions the cultural environment of entrepreneur concept characteristics of the times, help to accurately predict the entrepreneurial behavior of college students, but also can provide basic information for the extensive development of entrepreneurship education in Colleges and universities. The purpose of this study is to investigate students' daily concepts about entrepreneurs, and on the design of 4 research. The investigation summarizes the summary characteristics of entrepreneurs the vocabulary using open problem in the first place (1); and then were tested according to the magnitude of these vocabulary scores, quantitative distinction between enterprises The center features and features around the concept of home industry (2); then we divided three sub studies verify the characteristics and features of the surrounding entrepreneurial center (3), including the use of reaction time paradigm study subjects on central / peripheral features of word reaction time and error rate (3a), using the memory material study subjects the central / peripheral feature words true memory and false memory scores (3b), and the central / peripheral / neutral three feature words can activate the entrepreneur on Lenovo degree (3C); finally, by comparing with scientists and leaders in these characteristics, further confirmed the concept of entrepreneurial daily the minds of college students (study 4). The main conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. college students usually using 34 feature words to describe their minds of entrepreneurs, namely students about enterprise daily concept by 34 Feature words form (Study 1).2. students daily concept about entrepreneurs is composed of two parts: center characteristics and surrounding features, they each include 17 feature words. Words have a central feature: grasp the opportunity, confidence, execution, strong leadership, good communication, hard work, the courage, calm and foresight ambitious, tenacious, rigorous, innovation, wisdom, flexible, positive, sense of responsibility; the surrounding feature words: adventure, success, atmosphere, aura, moral integrity, busy work, money, charity, interests, thrift, male, family background in Western dress and leather shoes, old, ugly in appearance, and use unscrupulous divisive tactics. Vanity impetuous (Study 2).3. relative to the surrounding features, according to the characteristics of students center to determine the entrepreneur's error rate is lower, and the judgment is faster, that heart feature word in the entrepreneur concept more core position and the center of the (3a). 4. students correct memories of the features of the word number is lower than the surrounding center features, but there was no significant difference in memory error rate, students of the center and the surrounding features characteristic of correct recognition of the number does not exist significant differences. But for false memories, false memories and wrong center features of word recognition error number is higher than that of the surrounding features description college students are based on a deeper understanding of entrepreneurs to summarize the characteristics of entrepreneurs (3b).5. when using center feature words to describe the target object, is most likely to be the target object recognition for entrepreneurs, using peripheral features to describe the target object at the time, when using the independent description of the features of the target object, subjects the object recognition for the entrepreneur and the lowest level of that center feature compared to the surrounding feature words can activate Lenovo on entrepreneurial college students (study 3C).5. total use of 1 node The 34 character words for detection, evaluation of entrepreneurs, scientists, the degree of match leader in rich, confident, ugly in appearance, vanity impetuous, execution, strong leadership, diligent, rigorous, calm, vision, atmosphere, aura, moral integrity, busy working, thrifty, family background and other 16 characteristics entrepreneurs and leaders are obviously different; to grasp the opportunity, strong leadership, good communication, money, interests, diligent, rigorous in Western dress and leather shoes, and use unscrupulous divisive tactics, moral integrity, thrift and other 11 characteristics of entrepreneurs and scientists are obviously different. Daily concept of college students on entrepreneurship is significantly different from scientists and leaders, the three successful people with clear boundary and cross in concept (Study 4).

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

【参考文献】