教育系统变革与以学习者为中心的教育范式——再访国际教学设计专家瑞格鲁斯教授

发布时间：2018-04-27 17:22

本文选题：瑞格鲁斯 + 教育系统变革　；参考：《现代远程教育研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：教育系统变革是从深入思考学校与社会发展的关系入手,分析社会发展的规律和趋势,着眼教育范式的改变。随着工业时代向信息化时代迈进,教育目的也从大众教学、分类教育转向实现学生的知识掌握、个性化发展。这需要我们用一种新的视角去理解教学,教育范式的改变不可避免。以学习者为中心的教育范式是相对于以教师为中心的范式而言,新的教育范式关注"学习者的个性化和学习过程",意味着关注的重点从标准化考核转移到掌握知识技能的评价,从总结性评价到过程性评价,从学习者被动学习到主动学习,从以教师为中心的教学到以学习者为中心的教学。以学习者为中心的教育范式必须遵循以目标达成作为基础的教育原则和以任务为中心的教学原则。个性化学习是以学习者为中心教育范式的一个值得注意的特征。技术也在以学习者为中心的教育范式中扮演了一个更为重要的角色。学校系统的变革,首先需要教育相关者转变对旧范式的心态,积极主动地关注信息化时代所需的学习理念和教育需求。其次还要创新改革的信念,不同领导者之间达成共识,投身于新范式的变革之中。最后,政府的职能支持、技术支持等,也是支撑学校系统变革持续进行的重要因素。
[Abstract]:The reform of educational system begins with the deep thinking about the relationship between school and social development, analyzes the law and trend of social development, and focuses on the change of educational paradigm. With the development of the information age in the industrial age, the aim of education has shifted from mass teaching and classified education to the realization of students' knowledge mastery and individualized development. This requires us to use a new perspective to understand teaching, educational paradigm change is inevitable. Compared with the teacher-centered paradigm, the new educational paradigm focuses on "learners' individuation and learning process", which means that the focus of attention is shifted from standardized assessment to the evaluation of mastering knowledge and skills. From summative evaluation to process evaluation, from passive learning to active learning, from teacher-centered teaching to learner-centered teaching. The learner-centered educational paradigm must follow the educational principle based on goal achievement and the task-centered teaching principle. Individualized learning is a noteworthy feature of the learner-centered education paradigm. Technology also plays a more important role in the learner-centered educational paradigm. The reform of the school system requires that the educational stakeholders change their mentality of the old paradigm and pay active attention to the learning ideas and educational needs of the information age. Secondly, we should innovate the belief of reform, reach consensus among different leaders, and devote ourselves to the change of new paradigm. Finally, the function support and technical support of the government are also the important factors to support the reform of the school system.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学教育信息技术系;
【分类号】：G434

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